Map drawing in Japan on thermal degradation load for polymeric building materials and its application

1. 从1986年4月开始，在札幌、横滨和那霸对黑白板、防水膜和密封珠进行了为期一年的温度测量，了解了它们的行为和直方图，这是热降解的基础。黑色面板的温度与膜的温度相关，认为面板温度可用于估算建筑构件的温度。根据横滨的数据，得到了由平均气温、总太阳辐射和平均风速组成的计算黑色面板和黑色防水膜日等效温度的方程。计算值与札幌和那霸的实测日等效温度基本一致。4 .根据我国气象局提供的66个气象站的气象数据，绘制了热退化负荷图。给出了估计材料退化的方法，即通过在几个温度下的热老化试验确定材料常数，从图中读取热退化载荷的值，然后通过一个小的计算得到材料的退化。选择了一种商用防水膜橡胶板材作为应用实例，并在假定其用于名古屋屋顶10年的情况下，对其断裂伸长率变化作为降解指标进行了预测。通过计算，在全国范围内绘制了这张纸的退化图。结果表明，热退化严重地区为冲绳，轻度地区为北海道。

1. Temperatures of black and white panels, water proofing membranes, and sealing beads were measured at Sapporo, Yokohama and Naha for one year from April 1986 to know behavior and histograms of them which are basis of thermal degradation.2. Temperature of a black panel is correlated to those of membranes, and it is considered that panel temperature is avairable for estimation of temperatures of building components.3. Equations to calculate daily equivalent temperatures for the black panel and the black water proofing membrane,composed of mean air temperature, global solar radiation and mean wind speed, were obtained by the data at Yokohama. The calculated values approximately agree with the measured daily equivalent temperature at Sapporo and Naha.4. Maps on thermal degradation loads were drawn based on the weather data at 66 weather stations offered by the Meterogical Agency in our country.5. The procedure to estimate degradation of materials is showed, that is, material constants are determined by heat aging test at several temperatures, value of thermal degradation load is read from the map, and then, degradation of the material is obtained by a small calculation.6. A commercial rubber sheet for a water proofing membrane was selected for a example of application, and the change of elongation at break of it, which was adopted as the index of degradation, was predicted on the assumption that it was used for roof at Nagoya for 10 years.7. A degradation map of this sheet was drawn by calculation throughout the country. It shows that severe area for thermal degradation is Okinawa and mild one is Hokkaido.