A Comprehensive Research on the Stand and Function of Social Welfare Institutions in the Community

本项目旨在分析社会福利机构与社区的关系，其视角包括机构与社区的冲突，跳出“社会化”理论的框架，审视“多功能化”。研究发现：(1)20世纪70年代以来，制度社会化在理念和实践上都占据了主导地位。(2)社会化的局限性似乎已经在其机构的启蒙姿态中显露出来。(3)较新的机构与社区居民的冲突和对抗较多。(4)民办事业单位社会化实践成绩优于公办事业单位。(5)福利机构正积极拓展自身功能，以配合社会的需要。集体之家被认为是儿童之家中最社会化的形式，建议采取两个不同的方向；与社区“融合”，构建与社区的进一步承诺。(7)机构-社区冲突正从居民的单纯拒绝向满足居民需求的妥协与交易转变。(8)我们似乎有必要超越机构的社会化，追求机构的多功能化，因为其中一些机构已经在进行开创性的努力。

This project aimed to analyze the relationships between the social welfare institutions and the community, inclusive of the insitition-community conflict in its perspective, getting out of the frame of "socialization" theory,and viewing the "multi-functionalization". Our findings are following: (1) Since 1970's, socialization of insititutions prevailed and took a firm hold, both in idea and practice. (2) The limitation of socialization seems to have been revealed in its enlightening" posture of theinstitutions. (3) The newer instituions have experienced more conflicts and confrontations with community residents. (4) Private-founded institutions have better achievements in terms of socialization practice than public-founded ones. (5) Welfare institutions are going forward to expand their own function to meet the needs of the community. (6) Group-homes, being considered to be the most socialized forms of the children's homes, suggest to take two separate directions; "blending" in the commmunity, and constructing the further commitment with the community. (7) Institution-community conflicts are moving from residents' plain rejection to compromise and transaction to meet the residents' needs and demands. (8) It seems to be necessary that we go beyond the socialization of institutions and pursue the multi-functionalization of institutions, as some of them are already on process with trail-blazing efforts.