The Study of Higher Order Structure of Biologically Active Macromolecules by Means of High-Resolution NMR

具有生物活性的大分子根据不同的情况具有不同的高级结构。该研究项目旨在通过高分辨率NMR光谱法确定溶液和固态生物活性大分子的高级结构。该项目从1987年至1989年进行了三年，主要研究三个主题：（1）糖蛋白，（2）酶和人工酶，（3）蛋白质模型。在第一个主题中，构象和糖和肽部分之间的相互作用进行了研究，为几个O-糖基化的苏氨酸含有寡肽，这是模型的抗冻糖蛋白（Chujo & Inoue）。在第二个课题中，基于从NMR获得的结构信息，研究了人工酶，即组胺修饰的环糊精（户田）的酶样活性，以及分支在支链环糊精（山本）的分子包合功能中的作用。通过重组DNA技术产生间焦儿茶酶和结合蛋白A之间的杂合蛋白，并研究了表达的融合蛋白用于酶免疫测定的适用性（Aizawa）。在最后一个主题中，侧链/侧链相互作用在聚谷氨酸γ-苄酯（Abe）的高级结构稳定中的作用以及反离子对溶液中聚谷氨酸（Komiyama）结构的影响进行了研究。在水溶液中研究了天然离子载体模型羧酸聚醚钾盐的结构。还在固态和溶液中研究了多肽和原肌苷的高级结构（Ando）。

The biologically active macromolecules take a variety of higher-order structures according to the circumstances. This research project is being aimed to establish the higher-order structure of biologically active macromolecules in solutions and in solid states by means of high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. This project was carried out for three years from 1987 to 1989 on the three main research subjects,(1)glycoproteins,(2)enzymes and artificial enzymes, and (3)protein models. In the first subject, conformations and interaction between the sugar and peptide moieties were investigated for several O-glycosylated threonine containing oligopeptides which were models of antifreeze glycoprotein(Chujo & Inoue). In the second subject, enzyme-like activity of artificial enzyme, that is, histamine-modified cyclodextrin(Toda), and the role of branch in the molecular-inclusion function of branched cyclodextrins(Yamamoto) were investigated on the basis of structural information obtained from NMR. A hybrid protein between metapyrocatechase and binding protein A was produced by recombinant DNA techniques,and applicability of expressed fusion protein for enzyme immunoassay was investigated(Aizawa). In the last subject, the role of side-chain/side-chain interaction in the stabilization of higher-order structure of poly (gamma-benzyl glutamate)(Abe) and the effect of counterions on the structure of polyglutamate in solution(Komiyama) were investigated. The structure of potassium salt of carboxylic polyether, which is the model of natural ionophore,was studied in aqueous solution(Nakahama). The higher order structures or polypeptides and tropomyosine were also investigated in the solid state as well as in solution(Ando).