Study of the marine bacteria that produce plant hormons

对从海水、沉积物和藻类中分离的细菌进行了植物激素、生长素和细胞分裂素的生产测试。沉积物中产生植物激素的菌株占总分离株的比例高于海水。海水中产生激素的细菌，细胞分裂素的比例为5-35%，生长素的比例为20-40%。沉积物中相同的比例分别为45- 75%和40-50%。附着在藻类表面的细菌也大量产生激素。这是关于海洋细菌产生植物激素的首次报道。从弧菌培养液中纯化细胞分裂素，并采用气相色谱-质谱分析方法对其进行鉴定。鉴定出两种细胞分裂素，异戊烯腺苷和异戊烯腺苷。产生激素的细菌的分类学研究表明，产生激素的细菌属于弧菌、假单胞菌、莫拉菌和黄杆菌等许多属。采用ELISA法对海水和沉积物中植物激素的浓度进行分析。结果表明，海洋沉积物中生长素（吲哚-3-乙酸）含量较高（10^<-6> mol /dm^3 ~ 10^<-9>mol /dm^3）。

Production of plant hormons, auxin and cytokinin, was tested for bacteria isolated from seawater, sediments, and algae. The proportion of plant hormon-producing strains to total isolates was higer in sediments than in seawater. The percentage of hormon-producing bacteria in seawater was 5-35% for cytokinin, and 20-40% for auxin. The same percentage for sediments was 45-75 and 40-50%, respectively. Bacteria attached to the algal suface also produced hormons in high proportings. This is the first report on the plant hormon production by marine bacteria.The cytokinin was purified from the culture broth of a Vibrio sp., and was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis. Two cytokinins, isopentenyladdenine and isopentenyl-adenosine were identified.Taxonomical examination of hormon-producing bacteria showed that bacteria belonging to many genera as Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Moraxella and Flavobacterium produce hormons.The concentration of plant hormons in seawater and sediments was analyzed using ELISA method. The results showed that marine sediments containe rather high amounts (10^<-6> - 10^<-9>mole/dm^3) of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid.