Studies on morphological features of secretory granules and secretory function of pituitary prolactin cells.

(1)将多巴胺注入移植于肾被膜下垂体组织的宿主动物颈总动脉，可使垂体催乳素（PRL）分泌细胞的分泌颗粒变小，并形成屏障状结构，从而抑制PRL的释放。(2)在妊娠和哺乳期麝鼩的垂体生长激素（GH）分泌细胞中观察到杆状分泌颗粒，而在PRL细胞中未观察到。据我们所知，这是第一个报告有关杆状分泌颗粒观察垂体前叶细胞。(3)在妊娠、哺乳和雌激素处理的麝鼩脑垂体PRL细胞的粗面内质网中观察到大量的脑池内颗粒。这一现象可能预示着泌乳素过剩的一种处理方式。据我们所知，尚未发表关于PRL细胞中这些脑池内颗粒的报告。(4)垂体GH-细胞分泌颗粒，以及PRL- ...更多信息 糖尿病大鼠海马神经元细胞均较正常大鼠萎缩，但胰岛素治疗后可使其恢复至接近正常状态。这说明分泌颗粒的形态特征与细胞功能之间有着密切的关系。(5)在妊娠期大鼠、麝香？和泌乳期麝香？的垂体前叶中，观察到GH和PRL在同一细胞的不同分泌颗粒中的分布，以及两种激素共存于同一颗粒中。因此，我们承认了“体乳营养细胞”的存在。(6)在正常和冬眠的日本家蝠的垂体前叶中没有观察到纯的含PRL的分泌颗粒，并且仅在体乳营养细胞中观察到PRL。而在妊娠期和泌乳期，PRL-细胞和含PRL颗粒的大小及颗粒在单个细胞中所占的比例明显增加。(7)肝部分切除可增强大鼠PRL细胞的形态学功能，使PRL细胞的颗粒挤出增加。少

(1) By administration of dopamine into the common carotid artery of host animals transplanted pituitary tissues under the kidney capsule the secreting granules in prolactin (PRL) secreting cells became rather smaller and barrier-like structure enclosed the granules, showing inhibition of hormone-release.(2) Rod-shaped secretory granules were observed in pituitary growth hormone (GH) secreting cells, but not in PRL-cells, of pregnant and lactating musk shrew. To our knowledge, this is the first report concerned with rod-shaped secretory granules observed in the anterior pituitary cells.(3) Numerous intracisternal granules were observed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of pituitary PRL-cells in pregnant, lactating and estrogen-treated musk shrew. This phenomenon may indicate one of disposing way of over-produced PRL. No reports, to our knowledge, has been published in regards to these intracisternal granules in PRL-cells.(4) The secretory granules in pituitary GH-cells, as well as PRL- … More cells, of diabetic rats were all smaller than normal ones, but the administration of insulin recovered these atrophic changes to near normal state. This indicates that there is a close relationship between morphological features secretory granules and cellular function.(5) Localization of GH and PRL in separate secretory granules of same cells and coexistence of both hormones in a same granules were observed in the anterior pituitary glands of pregnant rat and musk shrew as well as in lactating musk shrew. Consequently, we recognized the existence of "somatomammotroph".(6) No pure PRL-containing secretory granules were observed in the anterior pituitary glands of normal and hibernating Japanese house bats, and PRL were observed in only somatomammotroph. However, during pregnant and lactating periods the size of PRL-cells and also PRL-contaning granules and the ratio of PRL- granules in the single cell were obviously increased.(7) Partial hepatectomy enhanced morphlolgically cellular function of PRL-cells in the rat, and the granule-extrusion in PRL-cells were increased. Less