Continuity and changes found in the formation of dining and cooking styles in family houses in modern Japan

本研究试图对饮食生活方式与民居空间结构之间的关系进行实证性考察。被调查的房屋位于大阪和东京的市区。自20世纪50年代下半叶以来，S在我们的日常生活中发生的技术和文化变化，促进了旧的和新的居住因素的重组。被调查房屋的平面图表明，房屋中的房间以餐厅-厨房或起居-餐饮为中心的主导趋势。餐饮和烹饪空间结构的生活模式是以餐饮厨房的风格重组的，其基础是房间每天用于家庭活动、招待客人和个人活动的方式。人们发现，无论房子的大小和房间内的空间结构如何，家庭的公共和私人活动都在毗邻餐厅厨房的房间进行。我们从烹饪和餐饮各个要素之间的相互关系以及将这些要素组合在一起的总体结构上，对重组为餐饮厨房的烹饪和餐饮空间的使用和结构进行了调查。我们提出了一种从人-食-物-空间的框架中寻找烹饪与餐饮之间的关系与居住空间结构的方法。我们还调查了烹饪和用餐用具(家具、工具、餐具、烹饪用具等)为了初步解释烹饪和餐饮作为一个系统的总体方面，人们使用的是日常烹饪和准备食物是如何进行的，以及如何用餐。

The study attempts to make a factual survey of the continuity and the changes found in the relationship between the dining and cooking life style and the spatial structure of the dwelling houses. The houses under survey are those in the urban areas of Osaka and Tokyo.Technological and cultural changes which have taken place in our daily life since the latter half of 1950's contributed to the reorganization of the old and the new factors of dwellings. The floor plans of the houses under survey indicated the dominant trend in which the rooms in a house are arranged with the dining-kitchen or living-dining in the center. The pattern of living in the structure of the dining and cooking space,which was reorganized in the style of a dining-kitchen, was based on the way in which rooms were used daily for family activities, entertaining guests and individual activities it was found out that regardless of the size of the house and of the structure of the space in the house, both public and private activities of the family are conducted in the room adjoining the dining-kitchen. We investigated the use and the structure of the cooking and dining space which had been reorganized into a dining kitchen, from the inter-relationship among various factors involved in cooking and dining and from the overall structure which put the factors together. We propose a method by which the relationship between cooking and dining and the structure of dwelling spaces is sought from the framework of to "people-food- thing-space". We also investigated how cooking and dining utensil(furniture,tools,dining Ware,cooking utensils,etc.) are used by people, how daily cooking and preparing food is done and how meals are taken, in order to explain tentatively the overall aspect of cooking and dining as a system.