The Effect of Egostates for Competitive Stress in Adolescentes

摘要本研究旨在探讨自我状态对青少年竞争压力的影响。自我图是交易分析中结构分析的一种手段，它可以衡量一个人的自我状态。自我图包括五个自我状态（CP、批判父母、NP、养育父母、A、成人、FC、自由儿童、AC、适应儿童）。本研究使用的自我图是东京大学开发的TEG （Toudaishiki egogram）。研究对象为1783名初中生、高中生和大学生。他们接受了TEG测试。分别分析了自我状态与运动员、成绩、胜率、性别等因素的关系。主要结果如下：1)运动员与非运动员的TEG自我图谱具有相似的特征。而初中生、高中生和大学生的TEG自我图呈现出不同的模式。(2)在纵向研究中，没有发现自我状态与竞技体育体验之间的关系。3)从赛前和赛后的关系自我状态来看，部分运动员在赛前的AC得分比FC得分有更高的倾向。(4)无论游泳营对自我状态的影响如何，与高能力组相比，低能力组的自我状态受到游泳营的显著影响。

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of egostates for competitive stress in adolescentes. An egogram which is a means of the structural analysis in Transactional Analysis can measure one's egostates. The egogram consists of five egostates (CP ; Critical Parent, NP ; Nurturing Parent, A ; Adult, FC ; Free Child, AC ; Adapted Child). The egogram used in this study was the TEG (Toudaishiki egogram) developed by Tokyo University.The subjects were 1783 junior high, senior high and college students. They were administered the TEG. The relationship between egostates and athletes, athletic achievements, percentage of victories, sex, etc were analyzed respectively.The main results obtained were as follows :1) TEG egogram profiles of the athletes and non-athletes showed similar pattern. But TEG egogram profiles of the junior high, senior high students and ones of college students showed different pattern.2) In regard to longitudinal study, relationship between egostates and experiences in competitive sport can not found to its tendency.3) In view point of relationship egostates of before and those after the game, some athletes showed high tendencies in the scores of AC compared with the scores of FC on before the game.4) Regardless of the Influence of the Swimming Camp on Ego States, egostates of a low ability group compared with those of a high ability group were considerably affected by swimming camp.