Studies on the Conventional Farm Tools and the Evolution of Farming Systems in Southeast Asia.

传统的农具和耕作制度是根据他们的民族而形成的。基于这一认识，在泰国进行了实地研究，调查了农具及其区域差异、制造技术和营销系统，并从社会经济和历史等多个角度研究了传统农具与农业经营和管理的关系。举办了一次国际研讨会，在调查人员和感兴趣的研究人员之间进行讨论，交流有关适当技术及其软转让的信息和想法。在泰国使用的传统工具，如除草刀和镰刀是由铁匠制作的。这里有四个铁匠盛行的核心地区，即Phongdong，Lampang，Ayuthaya和Nokhon Rachasima。近年来，在这一领域的生产过程中发生了技术进步。一些传统的铁匠从家庭手工业演变为手工业类型的铁匠。 ...更多信息 ing.有两种渠道销售产品。一种是传统型小贩，另一种是经营多种产品的现代型商人。通过对不同地区的农具和操作差异进行比较研究，找出与个体耕作制度存在相关的因素。测量了传统犁体的形态特征和工程特性，并将其作为设计数据库。在此基础上，介绍了利用计算机辅助设计系统进行犁体设计的新方法。该系统已成功地用于各种犁设计的应用程序作为一个联合研究项目与Kasetsart大学。在泰国的preasent耕作系统的一个显着的特点是高度的区域变化之间的中部平原，北方和东北Thailnd。今后将进一步研究传统技术、自然和社会经济状况对新技术发展的影响。少

Conventional from tools and farming systems have been formed upon their nationalities. With this perception field studies were conducted in Thailand to investigate farm tools and their regional variations,manufacturing technologies and marketing systems, Also conventional farm tools were examined in relation to farming operations and managements from various angles including social economy and history. An international seminar was held to have a discussion among the investigators and interested researchers to exchange informations and ideas on the appropriate technology and its soft transfer. Traditional from tools used in Thailand, such as weeding knives and sickles are made by blacksmiths. Therer are four core areas where blacksmith are prevalent, namely Phrae, Lampang, Ayuthaya and Nokhon Rachasima. In recent years the technological progress in production processes have occurred in this field. Some traditional blacksmiths evolved from cottage industry into handicraft type manufactur … More ing. There are two channels for marketing products. One is traditional type hawkers, the other is modern type merchant who handles many products.A comparative study on the differences of the farm implements and operations depending upon the regions have been made to find factors related to the exisitence of the individual farming systems. Morphological and engineering characteristics of traditional plows were measured to stored as data base for designing. Based upon these date a new method of plow designing was introduced using computer aided design system. The system has been used successfully to various plow design applications as a joint research project with Kasetsart University.One of the noted characteristics of the preasent farming systems in Thailand has been high degres of regional variations between the central plain, the northern and the notheastern Thailnd. The influence of the traditional technologies, natural and socio-economical situations upon the development of new technologies will be studied further in future. Less