Studies on Biosynthetic Mechanisms of Biologically Active Subsatnces and Their Applications

1.大豆孢囊线虫孵化物质--大豆孢囊菌素A的C/D环系统类似物的合成及其孵化活性的确认（Murai）2.两个生物活性萜烯，grayanotoxin和vinigrol，通过与Sml 2（Shirahama）的自由基反应的母骨架的环形成。3.从某些真菌中分离出激活茄呢基二磷酸的蛋白质因子，并阐明其激活机制（Ogura）。4.控制大豆叶片开合生物节律的两种化学物质的分离、结构测定和全合成。5.从大豆中分离和确定新的聚戊烯醇的结构，并澄清其Z-异戊二烯基扩链过程中的氢消除机制（Suga）。6.海葵毒素羧酸作为海葵毒素（Uemura）的生物合成前体的分离和反应。7.花色素、半边莲素A、B和萜苷衍生物的结构解析，以及分子内堆积结构作为其一般稳定机制的阐明（后藤和近藤）。8.澄清了从褐藻（Kakisawa）中分离的二萜和从甘蓝（Takasugi）中分离的含硫植物抗毒素的生物合成途径。澄清脂肪酸合成酶和抗生素浅蓝菌素（川口）的反应机制。一种新的蛙生物碱（Tokuyama）的分离。可用于生物合成研究的前体的合成（Kakinuma、Tokoroyama、Katsuki、Maki、Hirama、Nozoe、Niwa、Fuji和Ito）。催化黄烷酮转化为异黄酮骨架的酶的研究（三川）。

1. Synthesis of a C/D ring system analogue of glycinoeclepin A, a hatching substance for soybean cyst nematode and confirmation of its hatching activity (Murai). 2. Ring formation of the mother skeletons of two biologiccally active terpenes, grayanotoxin and vinigrol, by the radical reactions with Sml2 (Shirahama). 3. Isolation of the protein factor activating solanesyl diphosphate from some fungus and clarification of its mechanism for activation (Ogura). 4. Isolation, structure determination, and total syntheses of two chemical substances controlling the biorhythm of opening and shutting of the soybean leaves (Shizuri). 5. Isolation and structure determination of new polyprenols from soybeans and clarification of the hydrogen elimination mechanism in their Z-prenyl chain extention processes (Suga). 6. Isolation and reaction of palytoxin carboxylic acid as a plausible biosynthetic precursor of palytoxin (Uemura). 7. Structure elucidation of the flower pigments, lobelinin A, B, and ternatin derivatives, and clarification of an intramolecular stacking structure as their general stabilization mechanisms (Goto and Kondo). 8. Clarification of the biosynthetic pathways of the diterpenes isolated from the brown algae (Kakisawa) and the sulfur-containing phytoalexins isolated from Brassica oleracea (Takasugi). Clarification of fatty acid synthase and the reaction mechanism of an antibiotic, cerulenin (Kawaguchi). Isolation of a new frog alkaloid (Tokuyama). Syntheses of the precursors available for the biosynthetic studies (Kakinuma, Tokoroyama, Katsuki, Maki, Hirama, Nozoe, Niwa, Fuji, and Ito). Studies on the enzyme catalyzing the conversion of flavanone into the Isoflavone skeleton (Sankawa).