Studies on the Exploitation of New Functions of Rice by Biotechnology

1.新品种技术的建立：在异源植物中成功地完成了半衍生的半抗原原型植入物之间的融合。CO_2-天然气供应大米加仑对植物再生有影响。微核在胆碱-和草药-治疗的悬浮-培养细胞中形成。促进基因增强了报告基因表达的必要性，作为转基因植物的有效选择，已经找到了。带有B、C或E基因组的骨髓瘤DNA的物理图和克隆库，已被构造。在mitochondria， B1和B2中，核DNA提供了具有两个小等离子体样DNA的序列同源性。一种草药（bialaphos）-耐药性的基因棒成功地引入了大米，通过电离进行原型。RFLP分析揭示了具有1和2个链路组的链路图的不同方向，这些链路图来自旧链路图。新的链接图包括同位素基因制造者是构造的。Slender-Glume基因的继承，可独立用于激活突变器的定义是明确的。新功能的开发： RFLP的创造者提出了通过使用来检测其他衍生植物中的遗传变异而有效的方法。There were found close relationships of endosperm proteins alpha-1 and alpha-3 with the diversification of genus Oryza。Waxis基因被证明具有一种机制来确定Wx蛋白质含量。Rice Seeds中的氨基酸复合物和cDNA编码gluterin核苷酸序列的cDNA序列是明确的。一种无胚胎的突变诱导--对四倍体大米的辐照对遗传和发展生理学进行了封闭的分析。外星人细胞系菌和生育率恢复基因已经引入了常见的热量和一个新的男性不育性恢复系统，已经开发为混合热量繁殖。

1. Establishment of new breeding techniques : Fusion between anther-derived haploid protoplasts successfully resulted in diploid plants. CO_2-gas supply to rice callus was effective for plant regeneration. Micronuclei were formed in suspension-culture cells by colchicine- and herbicide-treatments. A promoter gene enhancing the expression of reporter gene, necessary for efficient selection of transgenic plants, was found out. The physical map and clone bank of mitochondrial DNA in wild rices with B, C or E genome, were constructed. Nuclear DNA proved to have the sequences homologous with two small plasmidlike DNAs in mitochondria, B1 and B2. A herbicide (bialaphos) -resistant gene bar was successfully introduced into rice protoplast through electroporation. RFLP analysis revealed different direction of the linkage map with 1 and 2 linkage groups from that of old linkage map. New linkage map including isozyme-maker gene was constructed. The inheritance of slender-glume gene indispensable for activating mutator was clarified.2. Exploitation of new function : RFLP's maker proved to be effective by used for detecting the genetical variation in anther-derived plants. There were found close relationships of endosperm proteins alpha -1 and alpha -3 with the diversification of genus Oryza. Waxy gene proved to have a mechanism determining Wx protein content. The amino acid compositin of prolamin polypeptides and the nucleotide sequence of cDNA encoding glutelin in rice seeds were clarified. A embryoless diploid mutant induced by gammaーirradiation to tetraploid rice was closely analyzed for inheritance and developmental physiology. Alien cytoplasm and fertility-restoring gene were introduced to common wheat and a new male sterility-fertility restoration system was developed for hybrid-wheat breeding.