Cooperative study for micro crystal and cluster, and its growth process using the synchrotron radiation beam

筑波大学(UT)和纽约州立大学石溪分校(SB)从实验和理论两个角度对微粒子和微晶体的生长机制进行了多项合作研究。近三年来，两所大学每年都会在几天到一个月的时间里交换两到四名研究人员，进行合作研究、讲座和讨论。双方感兴趣的主要研究领域如下：(A)高温-高压材料研究：这项研究在地球科学领域是两所大学的热门。静态高压下的晶体合成实验主要在Sb(Liebermann，Weidner和Kurita)进行，在KEK，Tsukuba(Kurita，Wakatsuki，Liebermann，Weidner和Vaughan)进行了SOR束高压合成的现场观察。(B)单晶结构分析和化学成分分析：Hydr…对Sb合成的矿物样品进行了更多的成因和微量元素分析(Yurimoto，Sueno和Nakai)。(C)小角散射：讨论了CCD探测器在散射实验中的应用，并进行了合作研究(Chu，Sueno)。(D)微晶分析：研究了亚微米级单晶结构分析技术。(E)EXAFS：使用SOR光束对非晶态材料(Parise和Nakai)中的金属元素进行EXAFS光谱分析。(F)X射线显微镜：在NSLS和KEK(Aoki和Kirtz)中继续使用SOR光束的X射线显微镜的发展，(G)相变和X射线漫射：Stephens和Ohsima合作研究了Na和其他金属元素上的马氏体转变。(H)讲座：交流研究人员大部分时间都有机会在这两所大学授课。这一交流项目最富有成效的是建立了相互信任和友谊。较少

University of Tsukuba (UT) and State University of New York at Stony Brook (SB) have advanced several cooperative researches in connection with the field of growth mechanism of micro particles and micro crystals for both experimental and theoretical view points. Last three years, both universities have exchanged two to four researchers every year in the period of several days to one month for the cooperative researches, lectures, and discussion. Main mutually interested research fields are as follows :(a) High temperature-high pressure material research : This research is popular for both universities in the field of geoscience. Experiments of crystal synthesis under static high pressure condition were carried out mostly in SB (Liebermann, Weidner and Kurita), and in situ observations of high pressure synthesis using SOR beam were performed in KEK, Tsukuba (Kurita, Wakatsuki, Liebermann, Weidner and Vaughan).(b) Single crystal structure analysis and chemical composition analysis : Hydr … More ogen and trace elements analysis were carried out (Yurimoto, Sueno and Nakai) in UT for the mineral specimens synthesized in SB.(c) Small angle scattering : Application of CCD detector on the scattering experiments were discussed and cooperatively studies (Chu, Sueno).(d) Micro crystal analysis : Techniques on the sub-micron size single crystal structure analysis were studied. Especially, techniques for making a micro-beam and method for holding a specimen were the object of mutual interest.(e) EXAFS : EXAFS spectra analysis using SOR beam were carried out in NSLS for the metal elements in a amorphous material (Parise and Nakai).(f) X-ray microscope : Development of X-ray microscope continuing using SOR beam in NSLS and KEK (Aoki and Kirtz),(g) Phase transition and X-ray diffuse scattering : Martensite transition on Na and other metal elements were studied cooperatively by Stephens and Ohsima.(h) Lecture : Exchange researchers most of time had chances to have lectures in both universities. Most fruitful effects of this exchange program is the establishment of the mutual confidence and the friendship. Less