Ultra-fine Surface Production by Plastic Deformation

用不同表面粗糙度和不同润滑条件的冲头对工业纯铝带状零件进行的展平试验表明，通过拉深工艺可以获得超细的表面。在模具一侧，当使用低粘度的油时，经常会发生刮伤。当使用较高粘度的油时，金属表面成为摩擦表面(Ra=0.05um)，这在本实验中是最好的，但比模具表面差。在凸模一侧，金属表面成为凸模表面的近乎复制品，如果减少量较大，粘度较低的油或干燥时，复制度可以提高。当施加冲头Ra=0.02um时，如果压下率上升到20%，则金属表面成为冲头的完全复制品。在施加SKD11边缘表面光洁度的凸模Ra=0.004um的情况下，在干燥和Re=50%的熨平条件下，也可以获得凸模的完整复制品。综上所述，在拉深过程中，凸模表面附近的金属表面可以通过仿形机构完成加工。

Flattening tests on band workpieces of commercially pure aluminum with punches of differing surface roughnesses and widely different lubricating conditions as well as ironing reductions have shown that an extra-fine surface can be obtained by the ironing process.On the die side, galling often occurs when low viscosity oils are used. When higher viscosity oils are employed, the metal surface becomes a rubbed surface (Ra=0.05 mum) which is the best in this experiment but rather inferior to the die surface.On the punch side, the metal surface becomes a near-replica of the punch surface, and the replica degree can be elevated with larger reductions and lower viscosity oils or when dry. When applying the punch Ra=0.02 mum, if the reduction rises to 20%, the metal surface becomes a complete replica of the punch. And in the case of applying the punch Ra=0.004mum,which is marginal surface finish of SKD11, under ironing conditions of dry and Re=50%, a complete replica of the punch can also be obtained. In conclusion, the metal surface near the punch surface can be finished by a replica mechanism in the ironing process.