A Basic Research on Design Approach of Uniplanar Wave Guides for Millimeter-Wave Integrated Circuits and Leakage Effect on Their Wave Guides

本研究中考虑的印刷电路线(或波导线)有微带线、槽线和共面波导线。此外，缝隙线和共面波导有几种变型。这些线路上的导线在横向上可以是有限的或无限的，这些线路可以是导体背衬的，也可以简单地放置在介质衬底上。在适当的条件下，所有这些线路都会以这样或那样的方式泄漏功率，超过某个临界频率。我们是第一个发现这种新的泄漏效应的人，在这种效应中，功率将以随着频率变化而变化的角度沿横向辐射出去，并且泄漏率也是频率敏感的。此外，与一般预期相反的是，这些线路上的主导模式变得泄漏。主导模式变得泄漏的方式以及发生这种情况的临界频率对于每个引导结构而言是不同的。尽管如此，c…的基本物理概念对于所有这些情况，更常见的情况是非常简单的。在本研究中，我们用数值例子对其进行了定性的解释，并提供了实验结果来证明我们的理论。本研究还讨论了一种新的模式耦合效应。已经意识到，印刷电路波导上的模式可以与放置它们的盒或封装的模式相互作用，并且这种相互作用将产生模式耦合效应。本工作的显著不同之处在于，即使在没有引入盒子或封装的情况下，也会出现耦合效应。这种涉及主导模式的新耦合在以前的文献中没有得到承认，也没有注意到导致这种耦合的新的模式。作为一个例子，我们报道了在有限宽度的常规共面波导上发生的这种模式耦合效应。本研究中发现的新的泄漏效应和模式去耦合效应本身是非常有趣的，但其实际意义，在集成电路中的串扰和功率损失的形式，以及超快脉冲的脉冲失真，可能是严重的。较少

The Printed-circuit lines (or wave guides) considered in this research are microstrip line, slot line and coplanar wave guide. Slot line and coplanar wave guide, furthermore, have several variants. The conductors on these lines may be finite or infinite in lateral extent, and the lines may be conductor backed or simply rest on a dielectric substrate.Under appropriate conditions, all of these lines, in one way or another, will leak power above some critical frequency. We were the first to discover this new leakage effect, in which the power will radiate away in the lateral direction at an angle that will change as the frequency is varied, and with a leakage rate that is also frequency sensitive. Furthermore, it is the dominant mode on these lines that becomes leaky, contrary to general expectations.The manner in which the dominant mode becomes leaky, and the critical frequency at which this occurs, are different for each of the guiding structures. Nevertheless, the basic physical idea c … More ommon to all these cases is quite simple. In this research, we have explained it qualitatively and with numerical examples, providing experimental results that prove our theory.The present research also discusses a new mode-coupling effect. It has been appreciated that modes on printed-circuit wave guides can interact with the modes of the box or package in which they are placed, and that this interaction will produce mode-coupling effects. The significant difference in the present work is that the coupling effect occurs even though no box or package is introduced. This new coupling, which involves the dominant mode, has not been recognized before in the literature, nor has attention been paid to the newly identified mode that causes the coupling. As an example, we report such a mode-coupling effect that occurs on conventional coplanar wave guides of finite width.The electromagnetics involved in the new leakage effect and the modecoupling effect discovered in this research are very interesting in its own right, but the practical implications, in the form of cross talk and power loss in integrated circuits, and pulse distortion for ultrafast pluses, can be serious. Less