A Study on The Site Desing of Temples in Mountainous Districts

本研究的目的是为了厘清这些寺庙的一些特征，这些寺庙位于一个山或一个小山的采场。对收录在《宫古（京都）画报》和《大和（奈良）画报》中的此类寺庙的图片进行了考察。他们表明，这些建筑以一种规则的方式排列，形成笔直的轴线。这些地点通常是长方形的。但通常每个平台的一面或两面都是弯曲的。平台位于不同的高度，与不同方向的楼梯或自然形状的斜坡相连。因此，它们似乎既给人以严格的规则感，又给人以自然风光的印象。然后，我们将一些图片与测量地图进行了比较，以防它们被出版。中轴线上的建筑物根据等高线呈现出轻微的弯曲。这一事实也可以解释山地寺庙给人的自然印象。我们对京都真古寺的场地规划进行了三维测量。它表明，该场地由三个不同高度的平台组成，高度差距相同，与建筑物一样高。建筑物的轴线仅从直角方向滑出两到三度。因此，这里也形成了与上面所写的相同的印象。

The target of this study is to clarify some characteristics of such temples as locate on the stope of a mountain or a hill.The pictures of this kind of temples included in "Miyako (Kyoto) Meisho Zue" and "Yamato (Nara) Meisho Zue" were investigated. They showed that the buildings were located in a regular manner to make straight axis. The sites were often rectangular. But usually one or two sides of each platform made curved lines. Platforms were located on different heights, connected with staircases of various direction or with natural shape slopes. Thus they seem to make both strict regular feeling and natural scenery impression.Then we compared some of the pictures with measured maps in case they were published. The buildings on the axis but showed slight curving according to the contour curves. This fact also would explain the natural impression of mountainous temples.We made three dimensional measurement of the site planning of Jingo-ji Temple in Kyoto. It showed that the site is made of three different height platforms with same gap of height, which is as high as buildings. Axis of the buildings slip out just two or three degree from right angle. Thus the same kind of impression as written above is made up here, too.