A Study on Abrasion Properties of Silk Fabrics

用扫描电子显微镜观察真丝纤维经实际磨损和磨损试验机磨损后的形态变化，用通用磨损试验机研究真丝纤维的磨损性能。所得结果总结如下：1。真丝纤维经实际磨损后的主要特征是纤维体上剥离出与纤维轴平行的带状原纤维，在断裂的纤维末端大量分裂成粉碎的原纤维。用万能磨损试验机用砂纸进行平磨试验后，丝质纤维表面呈现出明显的磨废纤维脱落现象。用JIS规定的色牢度磨损试验机对真丝织物和棉织物进行磨损时，在较低的磨损时间内，纤维的形态表现出与实际磨损相似的特征。在通用磨损试验机平磨试验中，当织物结构非常相似，在标准条件下调整试样时，真丝织物的耐磨性优于棉织物。织物的耐磨性与经纱方向的抗拉强度和摩擦力有显著的相关关系。

The morphological changes of silk fibers abraded by actual wears and by an abrasion tester were inspected by a scanning electron microscope and abrasion properties were investigated by an universal wear tester. The results obtained were summarized as follows.1. The dominant features of silk fibers abraded by actual wears were ribbon-like fibrils peeled off the fiber body, parallel to the fiber axis,and much splitting into shredded fibrils in the ends of cracked fibers.2. After specimens of the flat-abrasion test by an universal wear tester using abrasive papers, the appearances of surface on silk fibers showed remarkable abradent scrapped fibers off.3. When silk fabrics were abraded by cotton fabrics using abrasion tester for color-fastness prescribed in JIS, morphologies of fibers showed similar features to that by actual wears in the low abrasion times.4. In the flat-abrasion test by an universal wear tester, the abrasion resistance of silk fabrics were superior to that of cotton fabrics, when fabric structures resembled each other very much and specimens were adjusted in the standard condition.5. The significant correlation were found between the abrasion resistance and the tensile strength and the friction force at the warp yarn direction.