Studies on Biology and Ecology of Marine Heterotrophic Dinoflagellates.

1. 利用荧光显微镜和摄像机对异养鞭毛藻的摄食行为、生活史和生长生理进行了生物学和生态学研究。富力稻和尖藻不仅有叶绿素，而且有藻胆素作为光合色素。有些细胞仅在圆形或杆状叶绿体中含有藻胆素，而其他细胞则在包括叶绿体在内的原生质中含有藻胆素。由于藻胆素是鞭毛藻中非常罕见的色素，因此强烈怀疑藻胆素来自隐单胞菌或蓝藻菌，它们通过摄食被吸收到鞭毛藻原生质中。D. forth和D. cuminata通过气孔将隐孢子虫摄取到其原生质中，这些气孔在粘附的阀表面捕获食物后穿透其阀。用中性红色染料染色后的颗粒可进入小茴香的食物液泡。这是它们喂食的第二种方法。在培养过程中，观察到小细胞的原生质被大细胞通过鞭毛孔吸走。这种行为与有性生殖过程中的细胞融合非常相似，但由于融合后的细胞在表现出任何形态变化之前就死亡了，因此我们无法澄清。圆棘龙的摄食行为。观察到非光合鞭毛藻。该物种选择丁丁虫作为猎物。D. rotundata在tintinnid上插入一根吸管，输送少量液体来阻止猎物的移动。然后，圆尾草吸食丁宁虫的原生质。吸收的原生质以许多透明球的形式保存在恐龙细胞内，然后逐渐被同化。

1. Biology and ecology of heterotrophic dinoflagellates were studies using fluorescent microscope with video camera on their feeding behavior, life history and growth physiology.2. Dinophysis fortii and D. acuminata have not only chlorophyll but also phycobilin as photosynthetic pigments. Some cells have the phycobilin only in round or rod-shaped chloroplasts and others have it all over in protoplasm including chloroplasts. As the phycobilin is quite rare pigment in dinoflagellates, it is strongly suspected that the hycobilin comes from cryptomonads or cyanobacters which are ingested into Dinophysis protoplasm by feeding.3. D. forth and D. cuminata ingest cryptomonads into their protoplasm through pores which penetrate their valves after catching the diet on the adhesive valve surface. .4. Particles stained by neutral-red dye can be taken into food vacuole of D. cuminata. This is the second methods of their feeding.5. Suction of protoplasm of a small size cell by a large size cell through flagellar pores were observed during culture of D. fortii. This behavior is very similar to cell fusion in the course of sexual reproduction, but we could not clarify it because the cell after fusion died before showing any morphological change.6. Feeding behavior of Dino hysis Rotundata. a non-photosynthetic dinoflagellate, was observed. The species chooses tintinnids as prey organism. D. rotundata inserts a suction tube to the tintinnid, sending a small amount of fluid to stop movement of the prey. Then D. rotundata suck the protoplasm of the tintinnid. The protoplasm sucked are kept in the manner of many transparent globules inside Dinophysis cell and then assimilated gradually.