Paleoenvironmental Analysis in Late Cenozoic Era of Kyushu.

九州地区晚新生代湖泊和内湾沉积物化石区系分别为：中山（晚中新世）、平国和黑木（上新世早期）、重平和大川（上新世早期）、长野、大和、仁吉、恒松和阿马里（上新世晚期）、山野、Aira、Hosenji（更新世早期）、吉田、Tsuetate和Oyama（更新世早期至中期）、Tsumori、吉野、Nogami和Asono（更新世中期）、Ebino、Uchitachi、新海和Aso-3/-4沉积物（中晚更新世），Iino-Kakuto（晚更新世），岛原湾和内卷（晚更新世至全新世）和Ariake粘土（全新世）。化石区系的组成表明，气候经历了寒温带到暖温带的多次变化，植被类型为针叶林、阔叶与针叶混交林、落叶阔叶林、常绿与落叶阔叶林。在晚中新世至全新世期间，九州地区以全缘叶树木百分比（Wolfe, 1978）和暖元素百分比（Hase, 1988）计算的年气温在5^ ~ 20 ^之间波动。九州东海岸鸟山滨组沉积于晚更新世海侵条件下。4个软体动物组合分别为Corbicula、Crassostrea-Cerithidea、Protothaca和Haustator-Dosinia。通过对宫崎平原北部地层浮游有孔虫的分析，明确了宫崎群上新世晚期的生物地层学。

Fossil floras from the late Cenozoic lacustrine and inner bay sediments in Kyushu were recognized as Nakayama (late Miocene), Hirakuni and Kuroki (early Pliocene), Shigehira and Otagawa (early Pliocene), Nagano, Daiwa, Hitoyoshi, Tsunematsu and Amari (late Pliocene), Yamanokuchi, Aira, Hosenji (early Pleistocene), Yoshida, Tsuetate and Oyama (early to middle Pleistocene), Tsumori, Yoshino, Nogami and Asono (middle Pleistocene), Ebino, Uchitachi, Shinkai and Aso-3/-4 sediments (middle to late Pleistocene), Iino-Kakuto (late Pleistocene), Shimabarakaiwan and Uchinomaki (late Pleistocene to Holocene) and Ariake clay (Holocene). The compositions of the fossil floras suggest that the climate changed several times from cool temperate to warm temperate conditions and the vegetations were coniferous, mixed broad-leaved and coniferous, deciduous broad-leaved, and evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests. It is assumed that the annual temperature based on the percentages of trees with entire-margined leaves (Wolfe, 1978) and warm elements (Hase, 1988) oscillated between about 5^ﾟ and 20 ^ﾟ during late Miocene to Holocene in Kyushu.The Toriyamahama Formation deposited under the condition of transgression in late Pleistocene in the east coast of Kyushu. The four molluscan assemblages were recognized as Corbicula, Crassostrea-Cerithidea, Protothaca, and Haustator-Dosinia in the area.The biostratigraphy of the Miyazaki Group in late Pliocene was clarified by the analysis of planktonic foraminiferan from the formations distributed in the northern part of Miyazaki Plain.