Development and Evaluation of the Model Space Simulator

以下是本课题研究成果的总结：模拟器的开发我们开发了一个模拟器，使我们能够从眼睛水平观察比例模型。该模拟器具有以下特点：a)在正常室内光照下，可获得比例模型的全方位感知和清晰的视觉。b)可将操作数据保存在软盘上，并可回放模拟器的运动。c)采用步进电机，可精确驱动模拟器。在电视摄像机前使用一种特殊的棱镜，我们可以得到正确的图像。e)我们可以在150mX200m（1/100比例尺）范围内观察模型空间。f)我们可以根据人的运动来控制移动的速度和范围。g)模拟器采用液位传感器，可以根据地面的起伏自动调整眼睛的液位。模拟器的评估我们确认了模拟器在感知和判断建筑空间方面的可用性。(1)通过对感知恒常性的实验，我们发现模拟器的感知恒常性与人眼的感知恒常性基本一致。首先，我们制作了一个住宅小区的比例模型。（1/100）其次，我们得到了真实空间和模拟空间的以下数据：a)用s - d法获得情感意义，b)用eye Mark Recorder获得感知距离和眼球运动。最后，我们比较了这两个空间的数据。毕竟，我们发现我们可以将模拟的空间感知为真实的空间。(3)两个空间之间的一些差异的主要原因是电视摄像机的焦点和比例模型的细节。尽管存在这些差异，这个模拟器对建筑空间的感知和判断是有用的。

Following is the summary of the results of this research projects :1. Development of the simulatorWe developed a simulator which enables us to observe scale models from eye level. The properties of this simulator are as follows :a) We can get omni-directional perception of the scale models and clear vision under normal indoor illumination.b) We can save the operated data on floppy disk and play back the movements of the simulator.c) Using stepping-motors, we can accurately drive the simulator.d) Using a peculiar prism before the TV camera, we can get right image.e) We can observe the model space in the range of 150mX200m (1/100 scale).f) We can control the moving speed and range in accordance with movement of a person.g) Using a level-sensor, the simulator can automatically adjust the eye level along the undulations of the ground.2. Evaluation of the simulatorWe confirmed the usability of the simulator for perception and judgment of architectural spaces.(1) As a result of the experiments on the perceptual constancy, we found that the perceptual constancy of the simulator is in accord with that of the naked eyes.(2) First, we made a scale model of a housing estate. (1/100 scale)Secondly, we got following data of the real space and the simulated one :a) Emotional meaning by S. D. method andb) Perceptual distances and eye movements by Eye Mark Recorder.Lastly, we compared these data of both spaces.After all, we found that we can perceive the simulated space as the real one.(3) The main causes of a few differences between both spaces are the focus of the TV camera and the detail of the scale model. In spite of these differences, this simulator is useful for perception and judgment of architectural spaces.