Emulsion Chamber Joint Experiment at Mt. Chacaltaya

(1)1991年3月7日至22日，在Chacaltaya天文台（5，200米，玻利维亚）建造了下列类型的乳胶室，1992年10月6日至16日进行了乳胶室的拆卸，10月26日至11月13日在巴西坎皮纳斯大学进行了X射线胶片的照相处理。研制后的X射线胶片已分发给参与机构，正在对观察到的家庭中的簇射进行测量，同时操作围绕乳胶室设置的空气簇射阵列，因此可获得伴随家庭的高能量事件的空气簇射数据。(2)1991年10月8日至12日，在该计划的主持下，在东京举行了关于“超高能强子相互作用”的国际讲习班。讲习班的目的是总结高能核相互作用研究的现状，讨论宇宙射线奇异事件的意义（见下文），并讨论 ...更多信息 来自宇宙射线、高能物理和基本粒子物理领域的50多名与会者（包括12名来自国外的与会者，其中8名得到该计划的资助）参加了讲习班。(3)以下是高能核相互作用的要点，这些要点通过该计划的活动得到了明确。在乳胶室和空气簇射阵列同时运行的实验中，观测到了π多重产生的正向区Feynman标度律的强破缺，宇宙线奇异事件候选者的稳定积累，核相互作用中能量的快速耗散，半人马座的宇宙线奇异事件等，这是通过在Mt. Chacaltaya，暂时假定为非介子粒子的多重产生，并可以分为几种类型的实验。上述事实表明，高能核相互作用的特性发生了变化。为了统一地解释所有这些事实，我们提出了一个工作假设，即在超过10^ eV的能区<16>，存在一个新的通道，通过夸克-胶子等离子体相将普通强子（h）转化为奇异强子（h '）。奇异强子有几种状态对应着几种类型的宇宙线奇异事件。少

(1) The emulsion chambers of the following types were constructed at Chacaltaya Observatory (5,200m, Bolivia) on 7-22 Mar.1991.Disassemblage of the chambers was made on 6-16 Oct. 1992, and the photographic processing of X-ray films was made on 26 Oct. - 13 Nov. in Campinas University in Brasil. X-ray films after the development were distributed to the participating institutions, and the measurement of the showers in the observed families is under way.Air shower array, located so as to surround the emulsion chamber, was operated simultaneously and therefore the data of air showers, accompanying the families, are available for high energy events.(2) The international workshop on 'Super-High Energy Hadron Interactions' was held in Tokyo on 8-12 Oct. 1991, under the auspices of this program. The goals of the workshop were to summarize the present status of the studies on high energy nuclear interactions, to discuss the meaning of cosmic-ray exotic events (see below) and to discuss the dire … More ction of future cosmic-ray experiments to study nuclear interactions.More than 50 participants (including 12 from abroad among whom 8 were supported by this program) in the fields of cosmic-ray, high energy and elementary particle physics attended the workshop.(3) The following are the main points on high energy nuclear interactions, which were made clear through the activity of this program..strong break-down of Feynman scaling law in the forward region in pion multiple production,.steady accumulation of candidates of cosmic-ray exotic events,.rapid energy dissipation in nuclear interactions, observed by the experiment to operate the emulsion chamber and air shower arry simultaneously.The cosmic-ray exotic events of Centauro, etc., which were observed by emulsion chamber experiments at Mt. Chacaltaya, are assumed tentatively to be the multiple production of non-pionic particles, and can be classified into several types experimentally. The facts listed above indicate that there is a change of the characteristics in nuclear interactions at high energy. To explain all of these facts in a unified way, we propose as a working hypothesis that in the energy region exceeding 10^<16> eV there exists a new channel which transmutes ordinary hadrons (h) into exotic hadrons (h') via quark-gluon plasma phase. And exotic hadrons have several states corresponding to the several types of cosmic-ray exotic events. Less