Mechanisms of and Affecting Factors on the Metal-Ceramic Joining

该项目由17个关于金属-陶瓷连接的个人研究作品组成，通常可分为以下三类；连接反应过程，连接界面和连接的力学性能。金属材料为Al、Cu、Mo、Nb、Ni、V、W或其合金，陶瓷材料为Al_2O_3、AlN、MgO、PSZ、Si、Sialon、SiC、Si_3N_4、TiB_2、ZrB_2、金刚石，填充金属为纯金属、Al、Cu或含有活性金属的Ag-Cu合金。结合这些材料。对金属-陶瓷体系进行了连接，并对连接界面的结构和性能进行了研究。所得结果如下：(1)在连接反应过程中，研究了气相金属化反应层的形成和生长机理，陶瓷表面形状和处理对接头残余应力的影响，特定陶瓷添加剂对结合强度的影响，陶瓷与反应层之间的晶体学关系，特定填充金属添加剂对反应层厚度的影响。研究了外加电场对填料中活性金属偏析的影响，通过改变填料中活性金属的含量来控制填料的润湿性，以及表面条件对填料润湿性的影响。(2)在接合界面研究中，主要通过高分辨率透射电子显微镜获得了晶体学相干性、原子结构、残余应力松弛和晶格缺陷行为的有用信息，并从原子学和电子学的角度进行了理论考虑。(3)在接头力学性能的研究中，实现了功能梯度材料的插入、金属化、反应层厚度控制、两步连接等残余应力松弛方法，改进了分子动力学和建模的界面应力分析方法，以及超声显微镜的应力测量方法。少

This project was composed of seventeen individual research works on metal-ceramic joining, which can be conventionally classified into the following three categories; joining reaction processes, joined interfaces, and mechanical properties of joints. Materials used were Al, Cu, Mo, Nb, Ni, V, W, or their alloys as metallic materials, Al_2O_3, AlN, MgO, PSZ, Si, Sialon, SiC, Si_3N_4, TiB_2, ZrB_2, Diamond as ceramics, and pure metals, and Al, Cu, or Ag-Cu Alloys containing active metals as filler metals. Combining these materials. Metal-ceramic systems with or without fillers were joined and examined for structure and properties of joined interfaces. Results obtained are as follows: (1) In joining reaction processes study, formation and growth mechanisms of reaction layer by vapor metallization, effects of shape and treatment of the surface of ceramics on the residual stress of joints, effects of specific additives to ceramics on the bond strength, crystallographic relationships between … More ceramic and reaction layer, effect of specific additives to filler metals on the thickness of reaction layer, effects of applied electric field on the segregation of active metals in the filler, control of wettability by changing the amount of active metals in the filler, and effect of surface conditions on the wettability to the filler, were studied. (2) In joined interface study, useful pieces of information on crystallographic coherency, atomic structure, relaxation of residual stress, and behavior of lattice defects were obtained mainly by high resolution transmission electron microscopy, as well as theoretical consideration from atomistic and electronic points of view. (3) In the study of mechanical properties of joints, available methods for relaxation of residual stress by insertation of functionally gradient materials, metallization, control of the thickness of reaction layer, and two step joining were realized, as well as improvement of analysis for interfacial stress by molecular dynamics and modeling, and also of measurement of the stress by ultrasonic microscopy. Less