Development of Vocalization in children with Cleft Palate

研究了唇腭裂哺乳婴儿哭声的声音特征和鼻共振的音量，以及它们在发育过程中的变化。未手术的患儿从出生到6个月，每月记录一次哭声。(1)三名语言病理学家分别听取有或没有进食盘的唇腭裂儿童（CLP）和同龄单纯唇腭裂儿童（CLA）的声音录音，决定前者的声音属于哪一类。(2)用声纳音系学方法研究哭泣声的特征。(3) Nasalance用Nasometer （Kay）测量。结果表明：(1)在听力学实验中，直到第4个月，患者发出正确声音的百分比变化都很低。但随着年龄的增长，这一比例趋于上升。(2) CLA患儿呼出声与呼出声明显配对且有韵律，且呼出声持续时间明显长于CLP。(3)无Hotz钢板的CLP患儿鼻平衡最高，有CLA患儿鼻平衡最低。第四个月后，这种差异有所增加。第四个月后，腭咽功能不全似乎影响了哭声的产生。

The sound characteristics of the crying voices and the sound volume of the nasal resonance of the suckling with the cleft lip and/or palate was investigated, as well as changes in their development. The crying voices of the children who had not been operated on were recorded once a month from their birth to 6 months. (1) Three speech pathologists listened to the recording tapes in which the voices of the children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) with or without feeding plate (Hotz plate) and of the child with cleft lip alone (CLA) in the same age are recorded each, and they decided to which category of the voices the former voices belonged to. (2) The characteristics of the crying voice was investigated by sonagraph phonologically. (3) Nasalance was measured by Nasometer (Kay).Results were as follows : (1) In the audiological experiment the percentage change that the patients gave correct sounds was low until the fourth month. But as they got elder the percentage tended to get higher. (2) The voice in the aspiration and those in the inspiration of the child of CLA clearly made pairing and were rythmical, and the duration time of vocalization in a aspiration is longer than CLP clearly. (3) The nasalance of the children with CLP without Hotz plate was the highest, and nasalance of the child with CLA was the lowest.After the fourth month the difference was seen to increase. The velopharyngeal incompetency seems to influence the production of crying sounds after the fourth month.