Study of the pancratic Beta cell function in the prediabetic subjects, especially in the non-diabetic co-twins of identical diabetic twins.

糖尿病同卵双胞胎通过问卷调查收集到的成员的日本糖尿病协会。通过口服葡萄糖耐量试验检查双胞胎是否患有糖尿病。本文用放射免疫分析法测定了86对同卵双生子口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）时的血清胰岛素反应。76对双胞胎被诊断为糖尿病。在60对双胞胎中，每对都患有糖尿病。在15对双胞胎中，一个患有糖尿病，另一个没有糖尿病。16个非糖尿病的双胞胎兄弟姐妹被认为是糖尿病前期或糖尿病易感性的受试者。在16例糖尿病前期双生子中，15例双生子口服葡萄糖耐量试验呈临界异常，1例双生子口服葡萄糖耐量试验正常。在这些双胞胎中，胰岛素反应并不均匀。3例胰岛素反应曲线正常，9例胰岛素反应延迟，4例胰岛素反应低下 ...更多信息 葡萄糖耐量试验在早期胰岛素反应方面，双生子组30分钟时胰岛素原指数较低，平均值为0.33 ± 0.17，低反应组（胰岛素原指数和/或1 <0.5）占87%。这些双生子的总胰岛素反应（GTT期间胰岛素值的总和除以血浆葡萄糖值的总和）与对照组没有差异。在3例病例中，对胰岛素反应进行了纵向随访。胰岛素反应在随访间隔的早期接近正常，但随着糖耐量的下降，逐渐转向上述异常模式。总之，有糖尿病倾向的受试者在口服葡萄糖刺激试验的早期阶段具有低胰岛素反应。但它是不可能定义这样一个异常的遗传倾向。10. (1)糖尿病（2）双胞胎研究（3）遗传学（4）胰岛素反应（5）糖尿病前期（6）NIDDM（7）胰岛素生成指数减

The identical twins with diabetes were collected by questionnaire to the members of The Japan Diabetes Society. The both of twins were examined whether having diabetes or not by the oral glucose tolerance tests. Serum insulin response during OGTT was measured by a radioimmunoassay system.Eighty six pairs of the identical twins have been coolected. Seventy six twins were diagnosed as having diabetes. In sixty pairs, both of each twin pair had diabetes. In fifiteen pairs, one twin had diabetes and the co-twin was nondiabetic. Sixteen non-diabaetic co-twins having the diabetic twin-sibling were considered as prediabetics or subjects with diabetic predisposition. In 16 prediabetic co-twins, 15 co-twins showed borderline abnormality on oral glucose tolerance test and only one co-twin showed normal tolerance. In these co-twins, insulin response was not homogenous. Three cases showed normal insulin response curve, 9 cases showed delayed response and 4 cases showed low insulin response through … More glucose tolerance test. As to the early insulin response, insulinogenic index at 30 min. was low in the co-twins group, The mean value of the insulinogenic index was 0.33+-0.17 and 87% of the cases belonged to the low responder group (insulinogenic index and or 1 below 0.5). The total insulin response in these co-twins (the sum of insulin values during GTT divided by the sum of plasma glucose values) did not differ from the control group. In three cases, the insulin response was followed longitudinally. Insulin response was near normal in the early period of follow-up intervals and it shifted to the abnormal pattern as mentioned above gradually, according to the decline of glucose tolerance. In summary, the subjects with the diabetic predisposition had the low insulin response in the early phase of oral glucose stimulation test. But it is unlikely to define such an abnoramaily as the genetic predisposition.10. (1) diabetes mellitus (2) twin study (3) genetics (4) insulin response (5) prediabetes (6) NIDDM (7) insulinogenic index Less