Joint study on liquid calorimeters for SDC experiments

本研究项目是与美国实验室费米实验室、劳伦斯伯克利实验室联合开展的。布鲁克海文国家实验室。斯坦福线性加速器中心，从1991年到1993年。本研究的主要目的是研究拟在美国德克萨斯州建造的超导超级对撞机（SSC）用液态氩热液量热计的可行性和性能。通过国际科学研究计划的大笔资助，26名研究人员被派往美国实验室进行实验和数据分析。来自美国实验室的3名研究人员来到日本总结研究结果。本研究的主要结果如下：对于100ns快速成形读数的铅液氩量热计，电子和介子的能量分辨率分别为sigma/E=(21.8*0.4)/ROO<E>%和(61.6*0.6)/ROO<E>%。在10GeV下获得9.3ns的定时分辨率。在SSC的名义光度下，堆积效应估计很小。对于四甲基戊烷热液量热计，铅吸收体的信号响应比e/h为1.1。能量分辨率与液氩量热计相似。本研究表明，热液量热计可用于SSC实验。但由于对液体纯度要求较高，需要进一步的可行性研究。

This research project has been carried out as a joint research with the US laboratories, Fermilab, Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Brookhaven National Lab. and Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, from 1991 through 1993. The primary object of this research was to study the feasibility and performance of liquid argon- and warm liquid calorimeters for the super conductive super collider (SSC) which was supposed to be built at Texas in the United States.Through this grand-in-aid from International Scientific Research Program, 26 researchers were sent to the US laboratories to carry the experiments and the data analyses. 3 researchers from the US laboratories came to Japan for summarizing the results.The major results obtained from this research are as follows : For the lead-liquid argon calorimeter with fast shaping readout of 100ns, the energy resolutions, sigma/E=(21.8*0.4)/ROO<E>% and (61.6*0.6)/ROO<E>% for electrons and pions, respectively. A timing resolution of 9.3ns is obtained for the electrons at 10GeV. Pile-up effects are estimated to be small at the nominal luminosity of the SSC. For the warm liquid calorimeter with Tetramethylpentane, the signal response ratio, e/h was obtained to be 1.1 for the lead absorbers. The energy resolutions are similar to liquid argon calorimeters. This study indicates that the warm liquid calorimeter can be used for the SSC experiments. However, we need further feasibility study because of stringent requirement of high liquid purity.