Physics in Linear Colliders

这项工作是在假设JLC（日本直线对撞机）的情况下进行的，JLC是在日本高能物理学家的全国共识下提议建造的e ^+ e ^-直线对撞机。针对TeV左右能量的清晰物理研究场景，详细讨论了加速器的能量和亮度要求。特别是：（1）为了检验标准模型的极限，编写了一个方案，对顶夸克和Higgs玻色子进行了广泛的搜索和研究，并对W/Z玻色子进行了非常精确的测量。模拟程序也从SM计算开发。(2)根据SM预言，在TeV附近，Higgs粒子的质量在物理学中起着至关重要的作用。如果没有光希格斯粒子，人们需要在更高的能量下研究柯格粒子，能量升级方案变得更加重要。(3)如果我们发现了轻希格斯粒子，超对称性就成为主导TeV区域的新物理的有力候选者，我们的方案可以集中在超对称性框架下寻找和研究超对称粒子和希格斯粒子。(4)考虑到这些研究场景，设计了探测器系统的总体概念。通过模拟在各种物理通道中检查了探测能力，其中考虑到每个探测器组件的规格。(5)通过加速器科学家和物理学家的合作研究，对最终聚焦光学系统和束流监控器进行了研究。在极化电子源的研制和磁悬浮工作台的纳米稳定性方面取得了良好的进展。(6)强背景起源于线性对撞机特有的束-束相互作用。并设计了防止这些背景的掩模结构。

This work was carried out assuming JLC(Japan Linear Collider), e^+e^- linear collider being proposed to construct under a national consensus in high-energy physicists in Japan. Aiming at the clear physics reaerch scenario at an energy around TeV, the energy and luminosity requirements for the accerelator were discussed in details. In particular :(1) In order to test the limit of Standard-Model, a scenario was written for extensive search and research for topquark and Higgs bosons, and very precise measurment of W/Z bosons. Simulation programs were also developed from SM calculations. (2) By SM predictions, the mass of Higgs plays essential role in physics at TeV region. If there were no light-Higgs, one need to study Cauge particles at higher energies, and an energy up-grade scenario became much more important. (3) If we found light Higgs, Super Symmetry became the strong candidate for new physics dominating TeV region, and our scenario could be concentrated on the search and study for SUSY particles and Higgs under framework of Super Symmetry. (4) With these research scenarios in mind, the general concept of detector system was designed. Detection capabilities were examined in various physics channels by simulations, where the specifications of each detector components were taken into account. (5) By a cooperative research between accelerator scientists and physicists, the final-focus optics and beam monitors were studied. Good progress has been achieved in the polarized electron source development and in nano-meter stability in magnet suspension tables. (6) Strong backgrounds originated from the beam-beam interactions which waere characteristic to the linear collider were first reliably estimated. and the masking structures to prevent these backgrounds were designed.