Cold Neutron Scattering Study of Higher Order Structures and Solid State Properties

我们启动了这个项目，利用了JAERI（20MW）的升级研究堆JRR-3M，该反应堆于91年开始，共有18个光谱仪，分别属于大学（11个）和JAERI（7个），分别位于反应堆和引导大厅。在这个项目中，我们还充分利用了日本现有的冷中子和热中子以及基于反应堆的稳定中子源（JRR-2、JRR-3M、KUR）和基于加速器的脉冲中子源（KENS）的互补利用。我们的目的是在物理、化学、聚合物和生物学等广泛的领域进行高阶结构体及其凝聚态物质动力学的中子散射研究。在凝聚态物理中，我们测量了在许多cu基高tc超导体中观察到的超导性和磁激发之间的关系，成功地确定了新的caco3基高tc化合物的结构，观察了分形系统中的新激发和磁受挫系统中的新相变。在聚合物科学中，我们已经观察到三嵌段共聚物中系统的连续相变作为每个嵌段长度的函数，对聚合物共混物的spinodal分解有显著的压力效应，以及与聚合物链的局部和整体运动相关的激发。在生物学方面，已研究的课题有：人线粒体ATP合成酶γ -亚基的基因结构、重组酵母衍生的人乙型肝炎病毒抗原疫苗颗粒、水溶液中的蛋清溶菌酶。

We started this project by taking an advantage of the upgraded research reactor JRR-3M of JAERI(20MW) which started in '91 and has totally 18 spectrometers owned by Univerisities(11) and JAERI(7) both in the reactor and guide halls. In this project we also took a great advantage to make the complementary use of cold and thermal neutrons as well as reactor-based steady(JRR-2, JRR-3M, KUR) and accelerator-based pulse(KENS) neutron souces available in Japan. Our purpose has been to perform neutron scattering studies of higher order structuers and its dynamics of condensed matter in a wide variety of fields such as physics, chemistry, polymer, and biology. In condensed matter physics, we have carried out measurement of the relationship between the superconductivity and magnetic excitations observed in many Cu-based high-Tc superconductors, the successful structure determination of new CaCO3-based high-Tc compounds, observation of the new excitation in the fractal system and novel phase transitions in magnetically-frustrated systems. In polymer science, we have observed systematic successive phase transitions in the triblock copolymers as a function of each block length, a remarkable pressure effect on the spinodal decomposition of polymer blends and excitations related with local and whole motions of polymer chains. In biology the following topics has been studies : Gene structure of human mitochondrial ATP synthase gamma-subunit, Recombinant yeast-derived human hepatitis B virus autigen vaccine particles, and Hen egg-white lysozyme in aqeous solution.