Subtractive Manufacturing Unit (SMU)

从设计到生产的无缝使用数字技术是未来资源节约型建筑行业的关键。这对于增材制造等新技术尤其重要，因为使用所谓的3D打印，材料只应用于功能需要的地方，而不需要模板。布伦瑞克和慕尼黑两所工业大学的TRR建筑增材制造（AMC）目前正在研究增材制造的基础知识，包括材料和技术，以用于未来建筑行业的自动化应用。除了自由成型外，节省时间和显著降低材料投入也提供了巨大的优势。特别是在混凝土3D打印中，减法（后）加工变得越来越重要。这既涉及到特征波浪形表面的后处理，也涉及到静态构造干接头接触面的后续高精度生产，以及精加工元件和技术装置的凹槽集成。与其打印带有开口的复杂部件，不如将它们切割出来更有效。“减法制造单元（SMU）”与增材制造领域的研究相结合，为生产复杂、精确的轮廓、开口和连接提供了新的可能性，即使是由混凝土、粘土、钢和纤维增强混凝土等单片和混合材料制成的厚壁部件也是如此。此外，新大还在现有结构的建筑领域开辟了新的方法。目前，结构设计研究所正在研究现有预制混凝土建筑的进一步利用。“Precast 2.0”项目的目的是通过精确的减法处理，准备解构的预制部件进行再利用。与达姆施塔特工业大学的DDU和其他工业伙伴合作，通过cnc控制的减法加工，在几何和连接技术方面重新定义了大型部件，并且可以重复使用为柱，梁和板部件。此外，这种创新制造策略的使用为定制海岸和防洪产品的生产开辟了新的可能性。与“Leichtweiß-Institut f<e:1> r Wasserbau （LWI）”一起，一个名为“未来城市海岸线”的初级研究小组（JRG）于2021年成立，以研究基于新型数字化控制制造技术的新型形式优化的海岸防护结构。新大将在JRG的研究中发挥核心作用。总之，减法制造单元将是不伦瑞克工业大学数字化建筑制造领域正在进行和未来跨学科研究的重要组成部分，也是现有研究基础设施的理想补充。

The seamless use of digital technologies from design to production is the key to a future resource-efficient construction industry. This is especially important for new technologies such as additive manufacturing, because with so-called 3D printing, material is only applied where it is functionally required, without the need for formworks. TRR Additive Manufacturing in Construction (AMC) of the two Technical Universities of Braunschweig and Munich is currently researching the fundamentals of Additive Manufacturing across materials and technologies for future automated use in the construction industry. In addition to free shaping, the time savings and significantly lower material input in particular offer enormous advantages. Particularly in 3D printing with concrete, subtractive (post) machining is becoming increasingly important. This concerns both the post-processing of the characteristic wavy surfaces, but also the subsequent high-precision production of contact surfaces for static-constructive dry joints, as well as the integration of recesses for finishing elements and technical installations. Instead of printing complex components with openings, it can be more effective to cut them out subtractively. The "Subtractive Manufacturing Unit (SMU)", in conjunction with research in the field of additive manufacturing, offers new possibilities for producing complex, precise contours, openings and connections even in thick-walled components made of monolithic and hybrid materials such as concrete, clay, but also steel and fiber-reinforced concrete. Furthermore, the SMU also opens up new approaches in the field of building in existing structures. Currently, the Institute for Structural Design is researching the further use of existing precast concrete buildings. The aim of the project "Precast 2.0" is to prepare deconstructed prefabricated parts for reuse through precise subtractive processing. In cooperation with the DDU of the TU Darmstadt and other industrial partners, large-scale components are redefined geometrically and in terms of joining technology by CNC-controlled subtractive machining and can be reused as column, beam and slab components. In addition, the use of this innovative manufacturing strategy opens up new possibilities for the production of customised coastal and flood protection. Together with the "Leichtweiß-Institut für Wasserbau (LWI)", a Junior Research Group (JRG) "Future Urban Coastlines" was installed in 2021 to research new form-optimized coastal protection structures based on new digitally controlled manufacturing technologies. SMU will play a central role in the JRG's research. In summary, the Subtractive Manufacturing Unit would be an important component for the ongoing and future interdisciplinary research in the field of digital building fabrication at the TU Braunschweig and an ideal addition to the existing research infrastructure.