IP1: Niches structuring mobile media use in chronic disease self-management

背景：尽管人们对移动媒体对慢性病自我管理的可能性寄予厚望，但到目前为止，关于其有效性的经验证据仍然没有定论。为了克服我们知识中的这些差距，我们需要重新考虑使用移动媒体进行慢性病自我管理。移动媒体可以无处不在地使用，理论上提供了无限的情景背景。此外，大多数移动媒体是元媒体，即可以嵌入和重新排列无限数量的组成媒体的结构。因此，我们需要扩展我们对移动媒体使用的概念，超越使用和不使用或采用和拒绝的简单二分法。为了做到这一点，我们借鉴了移动媒体使用的利基模式。有了这一点，我们可以在情景水平上对移动媒体在慢性病自我管理中的使用进行建模，整合设备端的功能、用户的动机和满足感以及情景因素。这种方法使我们能够发现在慢性病自我管理中移动媒体使用的个体内和个体间的不同模式。目的：我们希望绘制移动媒体在慢性病自我管理中对1型和2型糖尿病以及哮喘/慢性阻塞性肺疾病的特定利基。首先，我们将系统化现有的关于mHealth在这些慢性病的自我管理中的使用的经验证据，明确考虑整个移动媒体生态系统的作用。然后，我们将绘制用于糖尿病和哮喘/慢性阻塞性肺病自我管理的移动媒体类型的情况和人员水平。基于这些发现，我们将重新评估和提升利基概念。最后，我们想要调查糖尿病和哮喘/慢性阻塞性肺病患者是如何结合他们的经历来理解我们的发现的。工作计划：我们将进行五项实证研究，以实现这些目标。首先，我们将对mHealth用于1型和2型糖尿病(研究1)和哮喘/COPD(研究3)的自我管理进行两次系统评价。基于两项现场研究，我们将绘制特定的生态位图，构建使用移动设备的糖尿病患者(研究2)和哮喘/慢性阻塞性肺病患者(研究4)的自我管理结构。最后，我们对患有糖尿病和哮喘/慢性阻塞性肺病的患者进行焦点小组研究，以将研究2和研究4(研究5)的结果联系起来。合作和利益集团：主要在IP2效应和IP3隐私方面进行双边合作；参与CG持续使用预期结果/贡献：该项目的结果将指导关于mHealth干预措施在慢性病自我管理中的作用和实施的进一步研究，以及最终开发适当的mHealth产品以支持糖尿病和哮喘/COPD患者的自我管理。此外，该项目将对利基概念的经验适用性提供见解，以研究一般移动媒体使用做法和移动健康背景下的移动媒体使用做法。

Background: Despite high hopes associated with mobile media’s possibilities for chronic disease self-management, empirical evidence on their effectiveness remains inconclusive so far. To overcome these gaps in our knowledge, we need to reconsider the use of mobile media for chronic disease self-management. Mobile media can be used ubiquitously, providing a theoretically unlimited breadth of situational contexts. In addition, most mobile media are metamedia, i.e., structures into which an unlimited number of constituent media can be embedded and rearranged. Hence, we need to extend our concept of mobile media use beyond the simple dichotomy of use versus non-use or adoption versus rejection. To do so, we draw on the niche model of mobile media use. With this, we can model mobile media use in chronic disease self-management on a situational level, integrating features on the device side, users’ motivations and gratifications, and situational factors. This approach allows us to uncover intra- and inter-individual differing patterns of mobile media use in chronic disease self-management. Objective: We want to map the specific niches of mobile media use in chronic disease self-management for diabetes type 1 and 2 and asthma/COPD. First, we will systematize extant empirical evidence on the uses of mHealth in the self-management of these chronic conditions, explicitly considering the role of the entire mobile media ecosystem. We will then map types of mobile media use for the self-management of diabetes and asthma/COPD on the situation and person level. Based on these findings, we will reevaluate and enhance the niche concept. Finally, we want to investigate how persons living with diabetes and asthma/COPD contextualize our findings, considering their experiences. Work program: We will conduct five empirical studies to meet these objectives. First, we will conduct two systematic reviews on the uses of mHealth for the self-management of diabetes type 1 and 2 (study 1) and asthma/COPD (study 3). Based on two in-situ studies, we will then map the specific niches that structure the self-management of individuals living with diabetes (study 2) and asthma/COPD (study 4;) using mobile devices. Finally, we conduct focus groups with individuals living with diabetes and asthma/COPD to contextualize the findings of studies 2 and 4 (study 5). Collaborations and Interest groups: bilateral collaborations mainly with IP2 effects and IP3 privacy; participation in CG continued use Expected results/contributions: The results of this project will guide further studies on the usefulness and implementation of mHealth interventions in chronic disease self-management, as well as, ultimately, the development of adequate mHealth products to support self-management for diabetes and asthma/COPD patients. In addition, this project will provide insights into the empirical applicability of the niche concept to study mobile media use practices in general and in the context of mHealth.