Development of New Type Frost Point Zonde (Electric Cooling Method)

霜点探空仪是世界上广泛使用的常规高空测量，但现在被禁止使用，因为这种类型的探空仪含有大量的CFC冷却镜面。虽然高空水汽含量是研究高层大气物理和发展天气预报技术的重要信息，但对流层和平流层高层水汽含量的资料很少。本研究尝试制作不含氯氟烃的新型冰点计，并指出了老式冰点计存在的一些技术问题。根据研究。1.采用金属蒸镀表面作为镜面时，热变形对镜面的冷却非常有效，且热变形的热容非常小.样机试验表明，新型探头的外形、总重量、电源容量与老型探头基本相同.固体光源和散射光接收器的使用有助于探头光学系统的稳定性和信噪比的提高。4在低层大气条件下，很难识别镜面上是否形成水滴或冰晶。通过以上的研究工作可以看出，新型霜点探空仪在高空空气湿度的常规测量中有很大的应用前景。

Frost Point Sonde was world-widely used for routine upper air measurements, but is now inhibited to use since this type of sonde containes lots of CFCs to cool mirror surface. Therefore there are few data on water vapor content in the upper troposphere and stratosphere although water vapor content in the upperair is very important information to study on upper atmospheric physics and develope weather forcasting technique. In this research, we tried to make new type frost point zonde which does not contain CFCs and furthermore some technical problems which were pointed concerning old type frost point zonde. According to the research.1. Thermomodule is very effective to cool mirror surface and heat capacity is extremely small when we use the metal vapor deposited surface of the thermomodule as the mirror.2. The proto-type instrumnts suggest that the shape, total weight, and capacity of electric power of the new type sonde will be approximately same comparing with the old type sonde.3. Use of solid state source light and receiver of scattering light contributes to the stability of the optics of sonde and increasc in S/N.4 It was hard to identify whether droplets of water or ice crystals forms on the mirror surface under the condition of the lower atmosphere. It is desired to more measurements on this problem under various atmospheric condition.Summarizing the research, it can be concluded that the new type frost point sonde is very hopeful for routine measurements on upper air humidity.