A STUDY ON COLLECTIVE HOUSING WITH SERVICE FOR WORKING WOMEN

[1]研究了职业女性的生活和住房需求，收集了许多集体住房与生活服务相结合的先进案例的参考资料，如托儿所、家务服务、用餐服务、住房维护等。我澄清了接下来的发现：(1)在欧洲和美国，许多实验性的集体住房是在查尔斯·傅立叶和罗伯特·欧文的思想基础上建造的。(2)从19世纪到20世纪初，在美国，许多集体住房是为想继续工作的职业女性建造的。瑞典也建立了支持生命的合作社。(3)在瑞典，许多集体房都是从S.P.吉尔曼的想法中建立起来的，现在政府的支持正在推动集体住房的发展。(4)在日本，提供家务服务和就餐服务的这种类型的房屋很少，尽管我可以找到以合作社制度建造的托儿所。[2]在日本，作为先进的生活服务房屋，有单身宿舍和有照顾的老年人之家。但我找不到有孩子的双收入集体住房，但这次我研究的是单身人士宿舍和离家居住的房子。[3]在单身学生宿舍和离家居住的房屋中，居民对这些房子的评价很高。有孩子的职业女性需要为孩子和妇女提供有生活服务的住房，所以，我尝试为她们制定集体住房模式。作为下一个主题，我将对它们的管理和维护成本进行研究。

[1] I studied needs of life and housing for working women, and collected many references of advanced cases of collective housing with lifeservices, for example nursery care, housework service, dinning service, housing maintenance, and so on. I cleared next findings.(1) In Europe and America, many experimental collective houses which were refrected on idea of Charles Fourier and Robert Owen were built.(2) From rate of 19th to beginning 20th century in Amerca, many collective houses were built for working women who wanted to continue their work. Cooperatives for support of life also were created.(3) In Sweden, many collective houses which took a definite from of S.P.Gilman's idea were built, and now collective housing are promoting by goverment support.(4) In Japan, there are few houses of these types which are provided with house-work service and dinning service, even though I could find houses with nursery-care which were built by cooperative system.[2] In Japan, as advanced houses with lifeservice, there are dormitory for single and houses for eldery with care. But I could not find collective houses with lifeservice for double income with kids, though, this time, I study on dormitory for single and houses for residence apart from their family.[3] In dormitory for single and houses for residence apart from their family which were built recentry, residents evaluated these houses high. Working women with kids need to houses with lifeservice for kids and women, so, I tried to collective housing model plan for them. As next theme, I shoud to study on management and maintenance cost of them.