CONCLUSIVE STUDIES ON TAXONOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS OF CHINESE DROSOPHILA

今年是“中国果蝇的日中共同研究”的最后一年。该项目始于1983年，一直持续到1993年。有很多很多日本和中国的科学家在中国和日本一起学习。我们几乎在中国大陆各地收集到果蝇，在本项目开始之前，中国大陆只记录到30种。经过我们的调查，已知果蝇种类的数量急剧增加。截至1994年3月，共发现415种，总种数达755种，其中包括未分类标本，可能为新种。这一数字约为日本所有物种的2.8倍，是世界物种总数的五分之一。通过我们的共同研究，将在分类学、植物地理学和进化遗传学领域开展新的有趣的研究工作。这些结果使得改写人类历史成为可能。 ...更多信息 果蝇世界的进化。已知种数、未分类种数和各省区总种数如下：1985年以来，中日两国科学家共发表关于中国果蝇的原创论文36篇。1993学年度的研究结果如下：（1）东京都立大学的Kitagawa和Fuyama与新疆大学的Li Guochang，Entomack和Muhtar在新疆维吾尔自治区采集果蝇。在那里收集的所有样品现在都在接受检查。物种的数量将在明年夏天实现。(2)北海道大学的户田和木村，通过广东省昆虫研究所彭教授，获得了在海南岛尖峰国家森林保护区免费采集苍蝇的许可。他们在那里收集苍蝇，并在广东省昆虫研究所对样品进行分类。1993年10月，两名中国科学家将一些难以分类的标本带到日本。共有161种，其中已知104种，未知57种。北海道大学现在保留了57种未鉴定的物种，它们正在接受检查。(3)11月，北川和青冢访问了台湾中央研究院动物研究所。他们与动物研究所的林教授、常教授一起，利用同工酶和线粒体DNA分析对Drosophila immigrans种群进行了进化遗传学研究。他们现在正在计算种群之间的遗传距离。(4)木村先生对中国大陆、台湾、香港和日本的果蝇体色进行了比较研究。杂交实验结果表明，所有群体均属于同一物种，颜色差异是由一对等位基因引起的。少

It is the final year of "the Japan-China Joint Studies on Chinese Drosophila". This project has started on 1983, and continued until 1993. many, many Japanese and Chinese scientists have been studying together in China as well as in Japan. We have collected drosophilid flies in almost all over the mainland China.Only 30 species were recorded from the mainland China, before this project had started. After our investigation, the number of known species of Drosophila has drastically increased. At present, March 1994, 415 species are known in total and the total number of species reaches 755, including unclassified specimens, which might be new species. This figure is about 2.8 times of all species found in Japan, and be the one fifth of total number of species in the world.From the fruitful results of our joint studies, new and interesting research works will develop in the fields of taxonomy, biogeography and evolutionary genetics. These results make it possible to rewrite the history of … More Drosophila evolution of the world. The numbers of known, unclassified and the total species in different province are as follows:In total 36 original papers have been published about Chinese Drosophila by Japanese and Chinese scientists, since 1985. All papers will be valuable in taxonomy and evolutionary genetics of family Drosophilide.The results of this academic year, 1993, are as follows:(1) Kitagawa and Fuyama, Tokyo Metropolitan University, collected drosophilid flies in Xinjang-weiguer Autonomous Region with Li Guochang, Entomack, and Muhtar of Xinjang univeristy. All samples collected there are now under inspection. The number of species will be realized in next summer.(2) Toda and Kimura, Hokkaido University, got the permission of free collection of flies in the Jianfeng National Forest Reserve in Hainan Island, through Prof. Peng, Guangdong Entomological Institute. They collected flies there and classified samples in Guangdong Entomological Institute. Some specimens which were difficult to classify were carried to Japan by two Chinese scientists in October, 1993. The total number of species was 161, including 104 known and 57 unidentified species. Fifty-seven unidentified species are now reserved in Hokkaido University and they are now under inspection.(3) Kitagawa and Aotsuka visited Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, in November. They carried out evolutionary genetic studies on the Drosophila immigrans species-group using the isozyme and mitochondrial DNA analyses with Professors Lin and Chang in Institute of Zoology. They are now calculating the genetic distance between populations.(4) Kimura has studied the comparative studies on body color of Drosophila elegans collected in the mainland China, Taiwan, Hongkong and Japan. The result of cross experiments showed that all populations belong to the same species and the color difference caused by a pair of alleles. Less