Basic and clinical studies on Paracoccidioidomycosis

副球孢子菌病由热二态真菌巴西副球孢子菌引起，是一种系统性人类真菌病，地理上局限于拉丁美洲。目前尚不清楚P.brasiliensis的自然栖息地。自1993年以来，为了研究这种真菌病，我们与巴西保利斯塔大学（UNESP）的Botucutu校区进行了大学间的合作研究。博图库图的UNESP大学医院接收来自流行地区的副球孢子菌病患者。由于具有高的巴西青霉接种效率的培养基对于从自然环境中分离该真菌是至关重要的，因此已经努力提高培养基的接种效率，并且我们发现当将酵母相细胞巴西青霉的水提取物与马血清组合添加到脑心浸液琼脂（BHIA）中时，接种效率大大提高。利用这种媒介，我们试图从自然界中分离出病原体。从不同地区收集了大约800个土壤样本并进行了培养。其中获得了5个类似巴西假单胞菌的酵母样菌落。显微镜下，这5个菌株在SDA上形成厚垣孢子，在BHIA上35 ℃时由菌丝体转化为酵母菌，并出现多个出芽现象。我们还从致病性暗色真菌的分离中获得了98个黑色菌落。它们是新月弯孢菌、刺外瓶霉、外瓶霉属、毛盘菌、疣状瓶霉、枝枝绿菌、黑绿鼻枝霉和香蕉婆婆纳菌。581株曲霉菌。从887份样品中分离出了

Paracoccidioidomycosis, caused by the thermal dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, is systemic human mycosis geographically confined to Latin America. The natural habitat of P.brasiliensis is still unclear. Since 1993 to study this mycosis we have done University-to-University cooperative Research with Botucutu Campus of Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Brasil. The university hospital of UNESP in Botucutu receives patients with paracoccidioidomycosis from the endemic area. Because a culture medium with high plating efficiency for P.brasiliensis is of critical importance for isolation of the fungus from natural environments, efforts have been made to improve the plating efficiency of culture medium and we found that when a water extract of yeast phase cells P.brasilienses was added in combination withhorse serum to brain heart infusion agar (BHIA), the plating efficiency was highly improved. Using this medium we tried to isolate the causative agent from nature. About 800 samples of soil from various areas were gathered and cultured. Among them five yeast like colonies which resembled P.brasiliensis were obtained. Microscopically these five isolates formed chlamydospores on SDA and converted from mycelial to yeast at 35 C on BHIA.Multiple budding were also seen. We also obtained ninety-eight black colonies from isolation of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi. They were Curvularia lunata, Exophiala spinifera, exophiala spp, Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Phialophora verrucosa, Ramichloridium anceps, Rhinocladiella atrovirens and Veronea botyosa. 581 strains of Aspergillus spp. were isolated from 887 samples collected.