Cytokines and Hypothalamo-Autonomic Control of Immune System

我们在这个项目中发现如下：1)：脾交感神经（SSN）末梢释放的去甲肾上腺素抑制脾自然杀伤（NK）细胞活性是固定（IM）诱导免疫表达的机制之一。2)：脑内IL-1 β诱导ssn的减少。3)：脑内IFN α和IL-1 β诱导的免疫抑制是由于CRF系统的激活导致ssn的增强。4):PGE2的EPI受体部分参与脑内CRF系统的激活。5)：内侧视前区（MPO）是INF α最有效的作用部位，通过对ssn的抑制作用参与免疫中枢调节。6)：下丘脑腹内侧（VMH）损伤性贪食的动态期脾脏NK活性降低，而静态期则升高。7): III脑室前腹内侧区域的神经元向MPO和室旁核投射，在血源性细胞因子-脑信号转导中起重要作用。8): IL-1 β通过前列腺素抑制迷走背运动神经元被认为是IL-1 β诱导的胃酸分泌抑制的机制之一。9): IM应激升高血浆IL-6浓度。10)：部分肝切除术或部分交感神经切除术降低了血浆IL-6对IM应激的反应。11)：固定化大鼠肝脏中的Kupffer (K)细胞和内皮细胞对抗小鼠IL-6抗血清表现出明显的IL-6样免疫反应性。12)：去甲肾上腺素刺激体外培养制备的K细胞产生IL-6。13)：门静脉血浆中基底内毒素（LPS）水平高于全身静脉血浆。14): IM应激时门静脉脂多糖含量升高，而全身静脉血浆脂多糖含量变化不显著。

What we found in this project is as follows ;1) : Suppression of splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity by noradrenaline released from splenic sympathetic nerve (SSN) terminals is one of the mechanisms of immobilization (IM) -induced immunosppression. 2) : Brain IL-1 beta induces reduction of the SSN.3) : Immunosuppression induced by both IFN alpha and IL-1 beta in the brain is due to an sctivation of CRF system which leads to an enhancement of SSN.4) : EPI receptors for PGE2 are partly involved in the activation of the brain CRF system. 5) : The medial preoptic area (MPO), which is the most potent acting site of INF alpha, is involved in the central regulation of immunity by its suppressive influence on the SSN.6) : Splenic NK activity decreases during dynamic phase of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) lesioning-induced hyperphagia, while it increases during static phase. 7) : Neurons in the anteroventromedial region of the III ventricle projecting to the MPO and the paraventricular nucleus play an important role in the blood-borne cytokine-brain signal transduction. 8) : Inhibition of the dorsal vagal motoneurons by IL-1 beta through the prostanoids is considered to be one of the mechanisms of the IL-1 beta-induced suppression of gastric acid secretion. 9) : IM stress elevates plasma IL-6 concentration. 10) : Plasma IL-6 response to IM stress was attenuated by partial hepatectomy or by partial sympathectomy in the liver. 11) : Some Kupffer (K) cells and endothelial cells in the liver obtained from rats immobilized showed significant IL-6 like immunoreactivity against anti-murine IL-6 antiserum. 12) : Norepinephrine stimulated the IL-6 production in the K cells obtained by in vitro culture preparation. 13) : The basal endotoxin (LPS) level in the portal plasma was higher than that in the systemic venous plasma. 14) : The portal LPS content increased during IM stress, whereas that in the systemic venous plasma did not change remarkably.