DEVELOPMENT OF EVALUATION PROCEDURE OF THE VOLCANIC DISASTERS

为建立火山喷发灾害性质和程度的评价方法，将城市地理信息与火山灾害危险图紧密结合，建立了火山碎屑落流沉积就位模式数值模拟的计算机系统。火山碎屑落流的数值模拟得到了描绘到达时间、颗粒大小和等厚图的地图。2 .对地理边界、人口、产业分布等数字化公民信息数据进行处理，将包括灾害图在内的自然灾害和风险图结合起来，生成该地区的物质、人力风险和预期损失评估图。3 .曾试图改进提出这些结果的方式，特别是以图表形式提出的方式，以便帮助非火山学专家的民防专家了解。浅间火山模拟火山喷发的熔岩流和火山碎屑流的数值模拟。这次喷发现象被认为与1783年发生在同一座火山的喷发具有相同的量级。通过反馈来改进模型和计算方法。最后报告的编辑和印刷重点是非火山学家民防官员和一般公众的一般使用。

In order to develop the method of evaluation of the nature and extent of the damages done by the volcanic eruptions, with close combination of the civic geographic information and the hazard map of volcanic disasters, an endeavor was made to create a computerized system which will deal with numerical simulation of the mode of emplacement of pyroclastic fall and flow deposits.1. Numerical simulation of pyroclastic falls and flows were performed to give maps depicting arrival time, grain size, and isopach maps.2. Digitized civic information data such as geographic boundaries, population and industrial distribution are processed to combine the natural disaster and risk maps including hazard maps to produce assessment maps of the physical and man-power risks and expected damages of the region.3. Attempts were made to improve the mode of presentation of such results, especially in graphic format, in order to help understanding by the experts of civil defense who are not experts of volcanology.4. Numerical simulation of the particular cases of an imaginary volcanic eruption of Asama volcano on lava flows and pyroclastic flows. The eruptive phenomena were assumed of the same order of magnitude as that occurred in the 1783 eruption of the same volcano. Feed backs were made to improve the models and method of calculation.Final report was edited and printed with the emphasis on the general use by the non-volcanologist civil defense officers and the general public.