Comparative and Neural Psychology in Seismosensory Mechanism of Fish and Birds.

本文以石雕、虎皮鹦鹉和山地八哥为研究对象，对石雕的震感机制进行了研究。在石雕的首次研究中，比较了贝加尔石雕、日本石雕和金鱼的中枢神经系统。在金鱼身上显着发育的迷走叶在任何雕塑中都没有被识别出来。视觉叶在以光为栖息地的鱼类、金鱼、日本金鱼和两种贝加尔斯卡宾的大脑中发育。小脑被认为是处理地震感觉信息的重要部分，在浮雕类中比在金鱼中更发达。特别是在大黄鱼中，虽然前脑和视叶不发达，但小脑发育良好。在实验室中对斯卡宾的行为学研究，日本尚未见报道。因此，我应该开发出在人工环境中保持的方法。IT Wa…更多的S在与其他物种共生、低温恒温、控制水质的条件下，成功地在人工环境中保存了雕塑。在那之后，我们尝试了卡宾来学习识别食物的地方，以使用水流作为地震感觉刺激。在以鹦鹉为对象的发声-听觉系统的神经科学研究中，需要研制立体定向仪，将电极植入准确的位置，并记录大脑中的电反应。首先，我们开发了这种类型的设备。利用试制的立体定向适配器，用2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖示踪鹦鹉中枢神经系统的听觉通路。提示虎皮鹦鹉的听觉通路不同于其他鸣禽。在第二个研究中，我们研究了丘陵八哥的语音特点。当我们将幼鸟维持在体验人声的条件下时，它们的元音结构在第一和第二共振峰的频率特征上表现出与人类元音相似的结构，与鹦鹉不同。较少

The seismosensory mechanisms were researched by using sculpins and budgerigars and hill mynahs as subjects.In the first research of sculpins, the central nervous system of three species of Baikal sculpins, Japanese sculpins and goldfish were compared morphologically. The vagus lobe which develops remarkably in goldfish was not recognized in any sculpins. The visual lobe was developed in brains of fish which take habitat with light, goldfish, Japanese sculpin and 2 species of Baikal sculpin ; Cottus kessleri and Cottocomephorus inermis. The cerebellum which is regarded as the important part of the pathway processing the information of seismosense was developed more in sculpins than in goldfish. Especially in golomyanka, although forebrain and visual lobe were not developed only cerebellum was developed well. In the behavioral research of sculpin in laboratory, there is not any report in Japan. Thereofore, I should have developed the method to maintain in an artificial environment. It wa … More s succeeded to maintain sculpins in artificial environments under the condition with living together with other species, low and constant temperature and controlling water quality. After that, we attempted the sculpin to learn to identify the food place to use tha water flow as a seismosensory stimulus. As the result sculpin could use the water flow clue.In the neuroscientific research of the vocalization-auditory system using budgerigars as subjects, the stereotaxic instrument should have been developed ti implant the electrode at the precise place and to record the electric responses in brain. Firstly we developed this type of a device. Using the stereotaxic adapter manufactured for trial, auditory pathway in central nervous system of budgerigars was traced by 2-deoxy-D-glucose. It was suggested that the auditory pathway of budgerigars was different from other songster. In the second study using hill mynahs, the characteristics of the phonetics were researched. When we maintained young birds under the conditions to experience the human voice the structure of their vowel sounds showed the analogous structure of human vowells in the frequency characteristics of first and second formants different from those of budgerigars. Less