Variation and Adaptability of Landraces of Azuki Bean in Relation to Yielding Ability

1. 37个白色小豆品系分枝习性、产量构成因素与籽粒产量的关系以秋田县赤豆（Vigna angularis）为材料，通过田间试验研究了赤豆分枝习性与产量的关系，结果表明：单株籽粒产量、单株节数、单株角果数和单株粒数在品系间差异显著，但差异与分支部分的形态特征而不是主茎的形态特征更密切相关。分枝数在不同品系间也有显著差异。单株籽粒产量与主茎和分支部位的每节荚数和每荚粒数呈极显著正相关，与百粒重呈极显著正相关。分枝数与主茎和分枝上产量构成因素的相关性除主茎百粒重略呈负相关外，其余均不显著。 ...更多信息 e.分支数多的品系分支粒大小（百粒重）与主茎粒大小的比值有较高的趋势。从这些结果可以推测，尽管产量能力与分支产量构成因素高度相关，但品系间产量构成因素的差异并不归因于分枝习性的差异。2.为了阐明白色小豆地方品种的品种特性，栽培了从日本东北各地收集的10个品系，根据10个品系在百粒重性状上的差异，将其分为3类，并对其形态特征和产量构成因素进行了分析根据松本等1987年提出的粒数百粒重比，划分了三种类型（粒型、中粒型和粒数型）。粒数型的分枝数比粒型的分枝数多。在品系间，粒数型品系的营养生长期比粒大小型品系的长，而生殖生长期则无此差异。粒数型迟熟株的出现频率显著高于粒大小型。粒数型的成熟延迟对结实不利，日照时数（各品系原产地16年5 ~ 11月的平均值）与分枝数和单株粒数均呈极显著正相关。积温（27年5 ~ 11月的平均值）与百粒重呈负相关。少

1.The relationships among branching habit, yield components, and grain yield of 37 strains of white azuki bean (Vigna angularis), collected from Akiita Prefecture, were studied in field experiments to investigate the relationship between branching habit and yield.Grain yield/plant, number of nodes/plant, number of pods/plant, and number of grains/plant significantly differ among strains, but differences were more closely associated with morphological characteristics of branch portions rather than those of the main stem. The number of branchs was also significantly different among strains. Grain yield/plant was highly positively correlated with the number of pods/node and the number of grains/pod on both the main stem and branch portions, but was only slightly correlated with 100-grain weight. Correlations between the number of branches to the yield components on the main stem and braches were generally not significant, except for 100-grain weight of main stem which was slightly negativ … More e. The ratio of branch grain size (100-grain weight) to main stem grain size tended to be higher in strains having greater branch numbers. From these results, it was estimated that differences among strains in yield ponents were not attributed to differences in branching habit, although yielding ability was highly correlated with the branch yield components.2.To clarify the varietal characteristics in an native variety of white azuki bean, ten strains collected from various parts of the Nnrtheastern Japan were cultivated, and some morphological characteristics and yield components of those strains were investigated.Since ten strains showed large differences in the characters of weight of 100 grains per plant, those strains were grouped into three types (Grain-Size type, Medium type and Grain-Number type) on the basis of Grain-Number 100 Grain Weight ratio proposed by Matsumoto et al in 1987. Grain-Number types exhibited relatively large number of branches compared to the Grain-Size Types. Among the strains, the periods of vegetative growth became longer in strains of Grain-Number types than in those of Grain-Size types, while regard to the period of reproductive growth there was not such variations. The frequence of occurrence of delayd pod maturation plants was significantly higher in Grain-number types than in Grain-Size types. The delay of such ripening in Grain-Number types brought about a great disadvantage in seed-setting.Phenotypic correlations between sunshine hours (the mean values collected from May to Nov.during the past 16 years in the native place of each strains) and number of branches and grains per plant were highly positive respectively. On the other hand, there was a negative association between accumulated temperture (the mean values vollected from May to Nov.during the past 27 years) and weight of 100 grains. Less