Wind Tunnel Experiment for the Firebreak Effect and the Influence on Fire Plume by Surface Roughness.

为了探讨防火方法和防火活动的安全性，明确城市火灾房屋燃烧火柱温度的估计方法是十分重要的。本文旨在阐明建筑物表面粗糙度和风速对火柱温度分布的影响。表面粗糙度的风洞试验：采用由低层建筑构成的建成区比例模型（缩小比例为1/200和1/140）进行风洞试验。平面热源下风向温度分布的理论研究：作者尝试采用平面热源作为燃烧区域的实验模型。从理论上讨论了该热源下风向的温度分布方程，并将其表示为无量纲温度（PSI）、无量纲速度（LAMBDA）、弗劳德数（Fr）和平面热源下风向距离(X)与宽度(D)之比（X/D）的函数。火羽表面粗糙度和温度分布的风洞试验。为了检验上述理论与实验之间的关系，在放置方形酒精燃烧容器的风洞中，对由低层建筑构成的建成区的比例模型进行了温度和速度的测量。4 .采用风洞试验方法对由低层建筑构成的建成区高层建筑的绕流模型进行了研究。在建成区高层建筑防火效果及对火羽影响的风洞试验中，考虑了火羽相似规律进行风洞试验，考察了理论与实验的关系。这些相似的实验证明了该理论的有效性。

In order to discuss the firebreak method and the safety of activities for fire prevention, it is important to clarify the estimative method of temperature of fire plume from burning houses by urban fire.This paper is to clarify the influence on the temperature distribution of fire plume by surface roughness of buildings and wind velocity.1. Wind tunnel tests for surface roughness : Wind tunnel tests were conducted using the scale models (reduced scale 1/200 and 1/140) of built-up area which were constructed by the low-rise buildings.2. A theoretical study of temperature distribution downwind from a plane heat source : The author has attempted to assume a plane source as the experimental model of burning area. Equations for temperature distribution downwind from this heat source were discussed by theoretical consideration and shown as the function of dimensionless temperature (PSI), dimensionless velocity (LAMBDA), Froude number (Fr), and ratio (X/D) of downwind distance (X) to wide (D) of a plane heat source.3. Wind tunnel tests for surface roughness and temperature distribution of fire plume. : In order to examine the relation between above-mentioned theory and experiment, measurements of temperature and velocity were performed on the scale models of built-up area constructed by the low-rise buildings in a wind tunnel which was placed a square vessel for burning alcohol.4.Wind tunnel tests for the flow around the scale model of the highrise building in built-up area which were constructed by low-rise buildings.5. Wind tunnel tests for the firebreak effect and the influence on fire plume by the highrise building in built-up area : The author considered the similarity law of fire plume for a wind tunnel test, and examined the relation between theory and experiments. These similar experiments were satisfied with the validity of the theory.