Study on Rural Landscape planning Based on the Theory of the Dynamic Three Layrs Structure

我们对乡村景观的理解提出了以下假设：乡村景观是由非生物、生物和职业模式构成的；（这被称为结构假说。）-与农业相关的人类活动创造了观察单位景观的职业模式；（这被称为动态功能假说。）另一方面，如果农业活动不发生作用，生物模式将保持不变；（这被称为静态功能假说。）为了证明上述假设，我们选择位于茨城县的两个市作为研究区域，分别命名为sasha -machi和hokoata -machi，分别位于sasha - Plateau和Joso Plateau。采用GIS技术，结合地貌图、土壤图和土地利用现状图，对研究区土地占用格局进行了分析。这项分析是在1975年和1995年的两个不同年份分别对两个研究领域进行的。因此，我们可以理解1975年和1995年农村景观的变化。通过以上分析发现，乡村景观的变化与乡村行政边界有着强烈的对应关系。即乡村景观由看似乡村的景观单元组成。农业生产规模的扩大对农村景观的变化影响较大，林地流失严重。

We raised the foolowing hyothesis to understand rural landscape :-rural landscape is built up with abiotic, biotic and occupation pattern ; (This is named structural hypothesis.)-human activities related agriculture create the occupation pattern in which unit landscape is observed ; (This is named dynamic functional hypothesis.)-on the other hand, biotic pattern remains as it is if farming activities do not act on ; (This is named static functional hypothesis.)In order to prove the above hypotheses, we chose two municipals as study areas, where were located in Ibaraki prefecture and named Sashima-machi and Hokota-machi, where were located in Sashima Plataeu and Joso Plateau, individuallu.GIS was introduced to analyze the occupation pattern both in the study areas in combination with geomorphologic maps, soil maps and current land use maps. This analysis was implemented on two study areas in each of two different years of 1975 and 1995. We therefore could understand changes in rural landscape during the year of 1975 and 1995.It was found through the above analyzes that changes in rural landscape were strongly corresponded with administrative boundary of a rural village. It means that rural landscape is composed with landscape units which seem to be rural villages. Increasing size in farming scale has great influence for changes in rural landscape with great deal of loss of woodland.