Bioorganic chemistry of rice diseases by considering interactions between organisms, and its development in plant protection and breeding.

目的：1)通过对寄主植物和病原菌的研究，从水稻诺林27号的叶片中分离得到10个新的角鲨烯类抗菌化合物。用GC-SIM法对谷氨酰胺类化合物进行了定量分析，确定了其作为抑制素的作用。利用谷酰胺类化合物作为水稻对白叶枯病抗性的标记还需要进一步的研究。2)米酸生物合成途径的研究A.3)抗植物病原菌的抗微生物化合物的分离与鉴定。结果：1)水稻对水稻白叶枯病的抗性机理研究。A)用GC-SIM法对不同品种叶片中的谷内酯进行定量分析，以探讨抗性水平与谷内酯含量之间的关系。在每个品种中都观察到了谷氨酰胺类化合物，证实了它们作为抑制素的作用。但是，它们在每个LE…中的内容更多的房颤与抗性水平没有显示出主要的相关性。在研究过程中，发现谷氮二酮(化合物D)是谷草酸A的重要前体化合物，建立了谷杂二酮的LC-MS-MS定量分析方法。为了快速检测苗期叶片中的谷杂环内酯，对其进行了定量分析。获得了与分蘖期相似的结果。2)初步探索了谷氨酰胺的生物合成途径：a)Norin 27细胞培养条件的建立。用4倍的种子量刺激10倍的谷氨酸A的产生，再通过添加2~3倍的种子来刺激谷氨酸A的产生。甲壳素和草酸。2)利用完整植物进行了C14标记的甲戊酸和高岭烯的饲喂试验。目前，他们的结果仍然不清楚，因为没有充分的结合到谷氨酸部分。3)从水稻栽培品种和几个野生稻品系中分离得到一种抗真菌化合物。从黄化RD-25提取物中分离得到几个与间苯二酚有关的新化合物，并对它们的结构进行了鉴定。较少

Objectives : 1) As a result of our investigation on a host plant and pathogen, ten novel kauran-related antibacterial compounds, oryzalides, have been isolated from leaves of a rice plant, Norin 27. A role of oryzalides has been determined to be as an inhibitin by quantitative analysis using the GC-SIM method. Further investigations are required to use oryzalides as a marker of resistance of rice plant against bacterial leaf blight. 2) Studies on the biosynthetic pathway of oryzalic acid A.3) Isolation and identification of anti-microbial compounds against plant pathogens.Results : 1) Studies on resistance mechanism of rice plant against a bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv oryzae. a) Quantitative analysis of oryzalides in leaves of various cultivars using GC-SIM to investigate correlation between level of resistance and content of oryzalides. Oryzalides were observed in each cultivar and their role as an inhibitin was confirmed. However, their content in each le … More af did not show a primary correlation with level of resistance. During these investigations oryzadione (compound D) was found to be an important compound as a precursor of oryzalic acid A.A method of quantitative analysis of oryzadione was established using LC-MS-MS.b) Quantitative analysis of oryzalides in leaves of seedling stage was investigated in order to detect resistance rapidly. A similar result as in the tillering stage was obtained. 2) A biosynthetic pathway of oryzalides was preliminarily investigated as follows : a) Establishment of cell culture condition of Norin 27. Production of oryzalic acid A was stimulated ten times using four times the seed amount and a further 2 to 3 times by the addition. of chitin and oxalate. b) Feeding experiments of C14-labeled mevalonic acid and kaurene using intact plant were carried out. At present their results remain unclear due to insufficient incorporation into oryzalic acid fraction. 3) An antifungal compound was investigated from rice cultivars and several wild rice strains. Several novel resorcinol-related compounds were isolated from extract of etiolated RD-25 and their structures were determined. Less