Forensic Neurobiochemical Studies on Schizophrenia

我们试图对尸检人脑的额叶皮质组织进行神经生化研究，以期对法医尸检案件的判决进行实际应用。这些大脑在神户大学医学院法医系和兵库县法医办公室进行了尸检，其中45例急性死亡，其中5例为对照组，6例为精神分裂症，5例为抑郁症，29例为自杀。对于精神分裂症和抑郁症患者，他们的一生都是在一些医疗机构被临床诊断的。每次尸检时，取全脑称重，右侧大脑半球立即冰冻于-80ﾟC冰柜中，左侧大脑半球冠状切片，厚度5~10 mm，用4%多聚甲醛0.01M缓冲液(pH 7.4)固定数天后，用15%蔗糖0.01M缓冲液(pH 7.4)固定。取双侧大脑半球的海马体、背外侧前额叶皮质(额上回)和枕叶视联合皮质作为组织块和标本。左侧标本分别用经典方法和淀粉样蛋白染色，用GFAP、乳转铁蛋白(LF)和人类白细胞抗原-DR免疫组织化学染色，以排除病理性病变。同时，我们试图提纯多巴胺能神经元的D2受体抗体和谷氨酰胺能神经元的NMDA受体抗体，用于受体分析。然而，这些抗体在受体检测中的特异性还不够。因此，我们研究了5-羟色胺转运体基因的多态性，据说它与自杀有关。精神障碍组、自杀组和对照组之间差异无统计学意义。提示，为使法医尸检案件的判决结果在实际应用中发挥作用，本研究还需进一步对脑组织进行检查。

We tried to perform neurobiochemical research to frontal cortex tissues of autopsied human brains for the purpose of practical application of the judgments of forensic sutopsy cases. The brains, autopsied at the Department of Legal Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine and the Medical Examiner's Office of Hyogo Prefecture, included 45 cases of acute death consisting of 5 cases of controls, 6 cases of schizophrenia, 5 cases of depression and 29 cases of suicide. As for patients of schizophrenia and depression, they were clinically diagnosed at some medical facilities in their life time. At the time of each autopsy, whole brain was weighed and right side hemisphere was frozen in -80ﾟC freezer instantly, and left side hemisphere was sliced with 5 to 10 mm thickness in coronal sections and after fixation for several days in 4% paraformaldehyde 0.01M buffer solution (pH7.4), fixed by 15% sucrose 0.01M buffer solution (pH7.4). From each side of hemisphere, hippocampus and dorsolateralprefrontal cortex (superior frontal gyrus) and occipital visual association cortex were obtained as tissue blocks and specimens. Each specimen from left side was stained by classical methods and amyloid staining methods, immunohisto-chemically with GFAP,lactotransferrin (LF) and HLA-DR for the purpose of excluding of pathological disoders. While, we tried to refine antibodies for D2 reeptor for dopaminergic neuron and NMDA receptor for gultaminergic neuron for receptor assay. However, these antibodies weren't enough specific of receptor assay. So, we researched for polymorphism in serotonin transporter gene, which was said to be concerned with suicide. However, no significant difference between psychiatric disordre cases, suicide cases and control cases was found. It was suggested that for the purpose of practical application of the judgments of forensic autopsy cases, further examinations of brain tissues in this research were needed.