GEにおけるリエンジニアリング戦略の成功要因の分析

本研究证明了美国通用电气公司在20世纪80 - 90年代引入的再造战略的成功因素。这些成功因素可以归纳为以下三点。第一，提出清晰的愿景和高层强有力的领导。第二，同步推进结构调整，迅速转向适应现代需求和公司增长的新部门。第三，通过提高生产力（其中一部分是从日本管理方法中引进的）和信息技术的网络化，成功地建立了一个由为自己思考和工作的工人组成的组织。本研究的创新点如下。首先，证实通用电气在20世纪80年代同时推动了重组和重组。第二，确认在通用电气引入重组时，对日本的部分管理方法进行了模仿和安排。第三，发现传统管理中的计划与实践分离原则和层级结构发生了巨大变化，形成了一种新的无边界、自律的组织。第四，通过生产率统计数据验证企业再造的经济效果。图表显示，从1980年到1993年，每个员工的销售额增长了大约四倍。本研究的部分内容发表于井上昭一和中村浩二，《现代大企业的形成、成长与发展》，八代出版公司，1995年，第八章，第239-260页，《电机大企业的再造战略与组织改革》。

This research proved the success factors of reengineering strategy which General Electric Co. in USA introduced during 1980's-1990's. Those success factors are summarized in the following three points.First, proposal of clear vision and strong leadership by top management. Second, simultaneous promotion of restructuring to shift rapidly to new divisions which adapt to modern needs and company growth. Third, success in making an organization of workers who think and work for themselves through increased productivity movement-a part of which was introduced from Japanese management methods-and networking of information technology.Originalities of this research are as follows.First, verification that GE simultaneously has promoted both reengineering and restructuring in the 1980's. Second, confirmation that there have been imitations and arrangements of parts of Japanese management methods when reengineering was introduced to GE.Third, discovery that the separation principle of planning and practicing and hierarchical structures used in traditional management were modified drastically, and a new boundaryless, self-disciplined organization was brought into existence. Fourth, verification of the economic effects of reengineering through statistical data of productivity increases. The diagram shows that sales per employee rose about four times from 1980 to 1993.Part of this research was published as reengineering strategy and organizational reform of electrical-machinery big business, 'in Shoichi Inoue and Koji Nakamura ed, "the formation, growth, development of modern big business, " Yachiyo publishing company, 1995, eighth chapter, pp. 239-260.