Immunopharmacological study on allergic reaction caused by medicaments for dental treatment

丁香酚是牙科的主要治疗药物之一，另一方面，皮肤科也有一些关于丁香酚引起过敏反应的报道。因此，试图阐明丁香酚引起过敏反应的机制。首先，用佐剂和斑贴试验研究丁香酚引起豚鼠迟发性皮肤超敏反应的可能性。其次，采用耳肿胀法观察丁香酚对小鼠接触性皮炎的影响。结果提示，临床牙科治疗药物中的丁香酚有可能诱发IV型过敏反应。观察丁香酚对小鼠免疫活性细胞、辅助性T细胞(Th)、抑制性T细胞和杀伤T细胞(TC)的影响。制备淋巴结和耳的冰冻切片，用间接酶免疫分析法显示淋巴结和耳的分布。结果提示，延迟型超敏反应T细胞可能属于Th1类，TC对早期变态反应有影响。B7-1和B7-2是CD28/CTLA-4 T细胞信号系统的第二配体。用间接酶免疫分析法检测丁香酚对小鼠B7-1和B7-2分布的影响。结果提示，在丁香酚诱导的迟发性超敏反应中，B7-2为早期共刺激信号，B7-1为晚期共刺激信号。用足垫试验评价丁香酚诱导的致敏T细胞对小鼠迟发性超敏反应的能力。仅注射丁香酚致敏T细胞的小鼠可观察到足垫反应。结果提示，丁香酚引起的过敏反应是由T细胞引起的。

Eugenol is one of major therapeutic agents in dentistry, on the other hand, in dermatology there are some reports that eugenol cause allergicreactions. Therefore it was attempted to clarify the mechanism of allergic reaction caused by eugenol.1. First the possibility that eugenol causes delayd cutaneous hypersensitivity in tha guinea pig was investigated using the adjuvant and patch test. Second the contact dermatitis by eugenol was examined in mice using ear swelling method. The results suggest that eugenol in medicaments for clinical dental therapy potentially induces the type IV allergic reaction.2. The distributions of immunocompetent cells, helper T cell (Th), suppressor T cell and killer T cell (Tc) in mice administered eugenol were examined. Cryostat sections of lymph nodes and ears were prepared, and the distributions of lymph nodes and ears were demonstrated immunohistochemically with the indirect enzyme immunoassay. The results suggest that delayd type hypersensitivity effector T cell may be classified to Th1 and that Tc effects the allergic reaction in the ear.3. B7-1 and B7-2 are second ligands for CD28/CTLA-4, T cell signaling system. The distributions of B7-1 and B7-2 in mice administered eugenol were examined using the indirect enzyme immunoassay. The results suggest that B7-2 is the early costimulatory signal and B7-1 is the late costimulatory signal in the delayd type hypersensitivity induced by eugenol.4. The capacity of the sensitized T cell induced by eugenol to cause delayd type hypersensitivity was assessed in mice by the foot-pad test. The foot-pad reaction was observed in the only mice administered the sensitized T cells induced by eugenol. The result suggests that T cell triggers the allergic reaction caused by eugenol.