SOCIAL WORK INTERVENTION FOR CAREGIVER'S STRESS

在老龄化社会中，家庭照顾者的压力是我们日本人最关心的问题。本研究旨在厘清影响社会工作介入有效减压的因素。数据来自两次调查：第一次调查了101名从教学医院康复单元出院的患者，第二次调查了87名亲属从康复医院出院而无法独立生活的照顾者。调查结果提示对照顾者压力干预的一些思考。照顾者负担过重，主要是照顾者，认为自己是消极的存在或麻烦的存在。另一个最大的照顾者承受着沉重的压力，因为他们觉得自己属于照顾者，而不是自己。照顾者和照顾者之间的亲密关系变得更加紧张，照顾者希望获得工具性支持或资源来减少他们的照顾活动，而不是情感社会支持。作为一种应对行为，尽管生活残酷，照顾者往往不寻求具体的或解决问题的帮助，而是积极地认识自己的处境或通过认知评价进行调解。他们没有充分利用正规护理服务这一看似对他们的健康最有帮助的资源，护理对象的社会工作与正规护理服务之间的联动作用意味着照顾者变得更好。因此，照顾者必须了解这一点。如果是这样，社会工作干预应减少照顾者的压力减轻。

Family caregiver's stress is the major concern to our Japanese at aging society. The purpose of this study is to clarify factors influencing effective stress reduction through social work intervention. The data were collected from two surveys : first survey to 101 patients who discharged from a rehabilitation unit of teaching hospital and second survey to 87 caregivers whose relatives discharged from a rehabilitation hospital and cannot live independently. The result of the surveys suggest some considerations about intervention for reducing caregivers stress.Care recipients have critical burden mainly on caregivers and perceive themselves negative existence or troublesome being. The other most caregiver experience hard stress because they feel belonging to care recipient but themselves. The closed relationship between care recipient and caregiver grows more serious strain each other.Caregivers want to get instrumental support or resource for reducing their care activities than emotional social support. As a coping behavior, caregivers have a tendency not to seek concrete or problem solving help, but to recognize positively their situation or to mediate by cognitive appraisal in spite of cruel living. They don't fully utilize formal care services that seem to be most helpful resource for their well-being.The linkage function of social work between care recipient and formal care services implicate that caregivers get better. Therefore it must be understood by caregiver. If so, social work intervention shall bring to reduce stress reduction of caregivers.