The Study on the Relevance of Mansions with Chieftain tombs in Kofun Age

根据1997年至1999年的调查结果，在下卷遗址和大幡冢发现了名为Hajiki的陶器和铁制工具的碎片，并确认大幡冢是一个直径为20米的圆形坟墓，周围环绕着土堆的双沟。在大冢墓的双沟中，内沟为圆形，外沟为方形。这是非常独特的。大幡冢墓的沟渠剖面与下卷遗址的沟渠剖面非常相似。根据对沟渠和坑居中陶器（Hajiki）的年代学研究，推测下卷1号遗址的宅邸在世纪中期被废弃。另一方面，据推测，大幡冢古墓是在公元世纪中期建造的;即古坟时代早期的早期阶段。大幡冢墓与下卷1号遗址的年代和规模几乎相同，由此判断，大幡冢墓是当地的酋长墓之一。大幡冢古墓和下卷1号遗址被认为有着密切的关系。我们推测大幡冢墓中的人与下卷一号遗址有直接关系。通过对下卷遗址的木材遗骸和种子的鉴定，以及对沉积物的植硅体分析，我们发现恢复古代环境是可能的。此外，这份报告提供了有关古坟时代开始日期的重要数据。希望下卷2号遗址内部的挖掘工作在不久的将来进行。下卷遗址1号、2号和大幡冢古墓的详细关系将在今后的调查中得到澄清。

As a result of the investigations from 1997 to 1999, potteries named Hajiki and the fragment of iron tool were found in the Shitomaki site and the Ohatazuka tumulus, and it was confirmed that the Ohatazuka tumulus is a circular tumulus with a mound of diameters of twenty meters, and double ditches surrounding around the mound. In the double ditches of the Ohatazuka tumulus, the inner ditch is round, the outer one is square. This is very unique. The section of the ditches of the Ohatazuka tumulus bears a close resemblance to the one found in the Shitomaki site.According to the chronological examinations of the pottery (Hajiki) from the ditch and the pit dwellings, it is assumed that the mansion house of the Shitomaki site No. 1 was deserted in the middle of the third century. On the other hand, it is assumed that the Ohatazuka tumulus was constructed in the middle of the third century A.D.; I.e. the earlier stage of early Kofun age. The Ohatazuka tumulus and the Shitomaki site No. 1 are almost the same in their period and scale.Judging from the above, the Ohatazuka tumulus was one of the chieftain tombs of the local region. The Ohatazuka tumulus and the Shitomaki site No. 1 are thought to have had close relationships with each other. We presume that the person buried in the Ohatazuka tumulus had direct bearings on the Shitomaki site No. 1.By the identification of carbonized wood remains and seeds, and by the phytolith analysis of deposits on the Shitomaki site, we found it possible to restore the ancient environment.In addition, this report offered important data which are concerned with the date of beginning of Kofun age.It is hoped that the excavation of the inside of the Shitomaki site No. 2 is carried out in the near future. The detailed relationships of the Shitomaki site No. 1, No. 2 and the Ohatazuka tumulus will be clarified in future investigations.