CONFLICT OF LAWS AND THE GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE

CII最初是在国际电联组织的第一次面向发展的世界会议上提出的。但此后，美国政府开始将GII作为贸易工具，并敦促其他国家采取与美国类似的贸易和竞争政策。这给CII的基本形象造成了很大的混乱。目前，CII几乎完全被贸易专家所掌握，比如美国贸易代表办公室的官员。肯尼迪总统曾提议建立最先进的世界电信系统，以便更好地了解每个国家，维护世界和平。CII的目标应该和肯尼迪一样。于是，不是联邦政府，而是州政府在爱荷华州建立了一个全州范围的光纤网络。这个网络被称为ICN，是美国最先进的网络，是为提高普通人的生活质量而提供的。在工业创新的背景下，这种努力的全球化是必要的。美国政府关于CII的贸易政策背后的自由的基本概念本身是值得怀疑的。仅从电信和其他服务的供应方面来理解CII是造成混乱的主要原因。本文从法律冲突的角度出发，从经济、社会、文化等方面对CII进行了分析，并提出了一种平衡的方法。本研究涉及的主要问题包括电子货币、加密政策、国家法律的域外适用、互联网的制度方面、版权侵权的跨境问题、国际税收、跨境合法准入、出口管理和法规、世贸组织制度等。

The CII was originally proposed in the first development-oriented world conference organized by the ITU.However, after that, the U.S.government began to use the GII as a trade tool, arid urged other countries to adopt similar trade and competition policy to those of the U.S.. That caused a great confusion on the fundamental image of the CII.At present, the CII is almost completely captured by trade specialists, like officials of the USTR.J.F.Kennedy once proposed the establishment of the most advanced world telecommunications system for the better understanding of every nation and for the world peace. The goal of the CII should be the same as the J.F K.'s proposal, and, not the federal, but a state government established a state-wide fiber-optic networks in Iowa. The network, called as ICN, is really the most advanced one in the U.S., and was provided for the use of ordinary people for the better quality of life. The globalization of such efforts is needed in the context of the CII.The fundamental notion of freedom itself which lie behind the trade policy of the U.S.government with regard to the CII is questionable. To understand the CII only from the supply side of telecommunications and other services is the main cause of confusion.In this study, not only economic, but also social and cultural aspects of the CII are analyzed, and the well-balanced approach is proposed from the viewpoints of conflict of laws. Major problems touched on in this study include electronic money, encryption policy, extraterritorial application of national laws, the institutional aspects of the Internet, cross-border problems on copyright infringements, international taxation, cross-border lawful access, export administrations and regulations, the WTO regime etc..