Morphometric Studies of the Brains of Alzheimer's Disease by Computer Image Analyzer.

应用计算机图像分析系统对5例AD患者和5例正常老年人的大脑进行形态计量学研究。从大脑皮层组织制备10微米的连续石蜡切片，并用Nissl染色以计数神经元，Bodian染色以计数神经元缠结，并用β-蛋白染色以计数老年斑。眶回（32.0%），中央前回（18.0%），颞下回（43.0%）、颞内侧回（44.0%）、上级颞回（58.0%）、顶叶皮质（45.0%）、枕叶距状区（52.0%）、海马（48.0%）。大脑皮层大型神经元明显减少。皮质各层神经元丢失的严重程度不同。颞叶下皮层第3、4、5- 6层神经元的减少率分别为18.6%、17.8%、9.3%。皮质层神经元的减少率与神经纤维缠结的数量呈正相关，与老年斑的数量无明显正相关。以颞上回第5- 6层和颞下回第3层神经元丢失最为明显。

Morphometric investigations revealed that temporal and occipital lobe were most severely degenerated in the cerebral cortex of Alzheimer's disease.The brains from 5 AD patients and 5 age-matched brains from the case with normal aging were studied morphometrically with computer image analyzing system. Serial paraffin sections of 10 microns were prepared from the tissues of the cerebral cortex, and stained with Nissl for counting neurons, Bodian for neurofibrillary tangles, and beta-protein for senile plaques.The diminution rates of total neurons in the examined areas were as follows : orbital gyrus (32.0%), precentral gyrus (18.0%), inferior temporal gyrus (43.0%), medial temporal gyrus (44.0%), superior temporal gyrus (58.0%), parietal cortex (45.0%), calcarine area of the occipital lobe (52.0%), and hippocampus (48.0%). Large sized neurons diminished remarkably in the cerebral cortex. The severity of neuronal loss of neruons was different in each cortical layer. For example, in the inferior temporal cortex, the neuronal diminution rates of the cortical layers were 18.6%, 17.8%, 9.3% in the 3rd, 4th, and 5-6th layers, respectively. The diminution rates of the neurons in the cortical layers were had direct correlation with the number of neurofibrillary tangles, but did not have positive correlation with the number of senile plaques. Most distinguished neuronal losses were observed in the 5-6th layer of the superior temporal gyrus, and in 3rd layer of the inferior temporal gyrus.