Hybrid Wastewater Treatment System for Water Reuse and P Recovery

1)研究了新型无机高分子混凝剂聚硅铁（PSI）对藻类和城市污水的混凝特性。烧杯试验结果表明，PSI对微囊藻和冠藻的絮凝分离效果优于PAC和AS。在相同的Al或Fe投加量下，PSI对生活污水的处理效果与PAC相当。本研究开发了一种新型的膜法工艺，其中氨氧化剂固定在膜盘上。本研究对膜过滤阻力的特性进行了研究，主要结果如下：（1）初始接种量对膜过滤阻力的大小有很大的影响。(2)由于积聚的滤饼而产生的过滤阻力为 ...更多信息 被发现占主导地位。(3)发现增加盘旋转速度对于去除滤饼是有效的。通过每500小时仅实施这种简单的清洁方法，可以持续约3000小时的操作。(4)除滤饼阻力外，滤饼阻力主要是由生物质产生的腐殖物质和胞外聚合物引起的。3）氨氧化菌在生物膜最内层的密度是中间和表面的5倍左右，形成密集的细胞团。由于氨氧化剂在整个生物膜中的存在，氨氧化区随着氧渗透深度的增加而扩大，从而导致进入生物膜的总氨通量增加。比氨氧化速率与氨氧化菌的浓度有关。4）缺磷诱导羽扇豆等植物根系酸性磷酸酶的合成。在这项研究中，我们研究了分泌型酸性磷酸酶（S-Apase）的诱导在分子和细胞水平。羽扇豆植物的总酸性磷酸酶活性水平的增加，在2至5天后，P枯萎和水平约翻了一番，15天。侧根，而不是主根负责这种酸性磷酸酶活性的增加。使用针对纯化的S-Apase产生的抗体的免疫印迹分析表明，该蛋白质的合成早在P缺乏治疗中的2天就被诱导，并且水平在15天显著增加。与此相反，没有免疫反应性多肽是显而易见的，从根组织的P处理植物制备的粗提取物。少

1) This research dealt with the coagulation characteristics of polysilicato-iron (PSI), a new inorganic polymer coagulant, when it was applied to coagulate algae and municipal wastewater. The experimental results obtained with jar tests indicate that PSI was more effective than PAC and AS in coagulating and separating Microcystis sp. and Stephanodiscus sp. When the jet mixed separator (JMS) was used as a unit of simultaneous flocculation and sedimentation, PSI had almost the same effect as PAC at the same dosage of 5 mg/l Al or Fe in coagulating municipal wastewater.2) This research has developed a novel membrane process in which ammonia oxidizers are fixed en the membrane disk. In this study, the characteristics of the membrane filtration resistance was investigated The results derived from this study were summarized as follows : (1) The magnitude of the filtration resistance was strongly affected by the initial inoculation. (2) The filtration resistance due to the accumulate cake was … More found to be dominant. (3) Increasing the disk rotational speed was found to be efficient for removing cake. About 3000 hours of the operation could be continued by only implementing this simple cleaning method every 500 hours. (4) Filtration resistance excluding the cake resistance seemed to be caused by humic substances and extracellular polymeric substance produced by biomass.3) The density of ammonia-oxidizers which formed dense cell cluster was about 5 times higher in the innermost biofilm than in the middle and surface of the biofilm. Due to the presence of ammonia-oxidizers throughout the biofilm, ammonium oxidation zone was expanded with increasing in oxygen penetration depth, which consequently resulted in an increase of the overall ammonium flux into the biofilm. Specific ammonium oxidation rate was dependent upon the density of ammonia-oxidizers.4) Phosphorus deficiency induces the synthesis of acid phosphatases in roots of lupin and other plant species. In this study we examined the induction of secretory acid phosphatase (S-Apase) at both the molecular and cellular levels. Lupin plants had increased levels of total acid phosphatase activity within two to five days after P was withered and levels approximately doubled by 15 days. Lateral roots and not main taproots were responsible for this increase in acid phosphatase activity. Immunoblot analysis using antibodies raised against a purified S-Apase showed that the synthesis of this protein was induced as early as 2 days in the P deficient treatment and that levels dramatically increased by 15 days. In contrast, no immunoreactive polypeptide was evident from crude extracts prepared from root tissues of-P treated plants. Less