Hierarchical Fermion Spectra and the KM matrix in Superstring Theories

从超对称统一理论解释许多低能参数的起源一直是一个具有挑战性的问题。其中超对称参数具有层次结构。从超弦理论的观点出发，我们发现汤川层次可归因于紧化空间的对称结构所产生的风味对称。通过态混合，我们得到了与观测结果一致的费米子层次谱和夸克和轻子的KM矩阵。在轻子的KM矩阵中，跷跷板机制和分层马约拉纳质量起着至关重要的作用。超对称性破断参数与超对称性破断的中介机制密切相关，有望具有普适性。最初的调解模式存在严重困难。本文提出了一种新的中介模型，该模型将低能有效理论正确地从基础理论中推导出来，解决了原有模型中的困难。此外，我们还研究了次极小超对称标准模型，其中涉及到一个量规单重态，并且发生了自发的CP违背。

The characteristic features of many low-energy parameters have long been a challenging problem to explain their origin from the supersymmetric unified theory. Among them supersymmetric parameters have hierarchical structure. From the viewpoint of the superstring theory we found that Yukawa hierarchies are attributable to the flavor symmetry which stems from the symmetric structure of compactified space. As a result of statemixings we obtained hierachical fermion spectra and the KM matrices for quarks and leptons, which are consistent with the observations. In the KM matrix of leptons seesaw machanism and hierarchical Majorana masses play an essential role. SUSY breaking parameters which are expected to be universal, are closely linked to the mediation mechanism of SUSY breaking. A original model of the mediation has contained serious difficulties. We proposed a new type of mediation model in which the low-energy effective theory is properly derived from the underlying theory and difficulties in the original model are solved. Furthermore, we studied the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model in which a gauge-singlet is involved and spontaneous CP violation occurs.