DOMINANCE RANK AND MATING STRATEGY IN Japanese MACAQUES

本研究旨在分析日本猕猴滥交社会中生殖群体的维持机制和群体成员的生殖意义。研究对象群是灵长类研究所的封闭若狭群和本所小岛野外观察站的野生群。研究了雄蛾竞争、雌蛾选择及其优势等级对交配成功率和繁殖成功率的影响。1996年和1997年，从若狭组的新生儿中采集了血液和其他样本。通过微卫星DNA分析，他们的亲子关系进行了调查。在1996年和1997年的交配季节收集的行为数据。选择3只雄性和3只雌性动物作为焦点样本动物。用Hinde指数衡量雌虫选择和雄虫竞争对交配成功（和繁殖成功）的影响程度。然而，这一衡量标准反映了女性选择和男性竞争的混合。对该指数进行了修改，并用于数据分析。结果大致表明，雌性选择主导雄性竞争交配成功，但分析尚未完成。在已经有30年母系家谱的小岛组中，虽然只分析了部分数据，但现在正准备制作父系家谱。父系家谱将提供有关野生日本猕猴的整个交配系统的知识，当它完成时。生理学研究提供了激素分析的方法学，而无需捕捉猴子（清水）。在此基础上，对若狭组女性月经周期进行了检测。该方法将促进野生灵长类动物的野外繁殖研究。

This reseat project aims to analyze maintenance mechanism of the reproductive groups and the reproductive significance of group members in the promiscuous society of Japanese macaques. The subject groups are the enclosed Wakasa group in Primate Research Institute and the wild groups in our Koshima field observation station. The effect of the male competition, female choice and their dominance rank to mating success and reproductive success were investigated (Ohsawa). Blood and other samples were taken from newborn babies in Wakasa group in 1996 and 1997. Their paternity was investigated through micro-satellite DNA analysis. Behavioral data were collected during the mating season in 1996 and 1997. Three males and 3 females were chosen as focal sample animals. The degree of influence of female choice and male competition to mating success (and reproductive success) was measured through Hinde index. This measurement, however, reflects both female choice and male competition intermingled. The index was modified and used for the analysis of the data. The result shows roughly that female choice dominated male competition for mating succcess, though the analysis was not yet completed. In the Koshima groups, in which the matrilineal family tree for 30 years is drown, the patrilineal family tree is now going to be made, though only some of data were analyzed. The patrilineal family tree will provide the knowledge about the whole mating system of wild Japanese macaques, when it is completed.Physiological research provided the methodology for hormonal analysis without catching monkeys (Shimizu). Based on this method the menstrual cycle of females in Wakasa group was detectd. This method will promote field reproductive studies of wild primates.