Studies on Reproduction and Age Determination of Deep-sea Squalidae, Deania spp.

1.男性全年都在进行精子生成。两种雄虫均无明确的繁殖周期和交配季节。雌性在子宫内携带6到24个胚胎。同月采集的雌虫胚胎大小不一，因此雌虫也没有明显的交配、排卵和分娩季节。4 .雄性和雌性绒球菊的最小成熟尺寸分别为650 mm和822 mm，雌雄绒球菊的最小成熟尺寸分别为750 mm和1020 mm。受精卵湿重水分含量为50% ~ 55%，胚胎湿重水分含量随卵的生长呈线性增加至70%。外卵黄囊小于100 mm TL的胚干重与外卵黄囊的胚干重基本相等，大于100 mm的胚在生长过程中趋向于较轻。胚胎的肝脏干重在胚胎长到105 mm后开始突然增加。随着胚胎的生长，母体血浆蛋白浓度变化不大，而子宫液蛋白浓度下降；9.对FE约16毫克/毫升，对75毫米的胚胎约7毫克/毫升，对140毫米以上的胚胎约2.5毫克/毫升。子宫液显示40- 60kd的蛋白质，特别是在从FE到105mm胚胎的发育阶段。各阶段均有14 ~ 40kd和60 ~ 79kd的蛋白表达。105mm以上的胚胎肠腔内可见卵黄物质11。两种植物的棘表面均无生长带。棘长随体长呈线性增长，且相关系数高。在D，hystricosa中，体长与脊柱长度的协方差较大，相关系数较低。脊柱由五个结构部件组成；地幔，突出的牙本质部分，茎，牙髓腔，软骨组织。茎内牙本质层可见生长环。新生的生长环在牙本质层内形成。生长环的数量随体型的增大呈线性增长。小萼萼花有1个环，萼萼花有1 ~ 15个环，大萼萼花有6 ~ 15个环。型态为雄性萼裂菊第6环、雌性萼裂菊第10环、雄性萼裂菊第9环、雌性萼裂菊第13环。我们无法证实年轮是每年形成的。少

1.Male performed spermatogenesis through the year.2.Males of both species did not have a clear reproductive cycle and copulative season.3.Female carried 6 to 24 embryos in her uteri. Females collected in the same month had various size of embryos, so females also have no distinct copulative, ovulatory and delivery seasons.4.Minimum mature size of male and female Deania calcea was 650 mm TL and 822 mm TL,respectively, and in male and female D.hystricosa was 750 mm and 1020 mm, respectively.5.Water content in wet weight of fertilized eggs (FE) ranged from 50 to 55%, while that in the embryos increased lineally to 70 % with their growth.6.Dry weight of the embryos with external yolk sac smaller than 100 mm TL was almost equal to that of FE,but the embryos larger than 100 mm tended to be light with their growth.7.Dry weight of the liver in the embryos began to increase suddenly after embryos had grown to 105 mm.8.Protein concentration of maternal blood plasma hardly changed with embryonic … More growth, whiie that of uterine fluid decreased ; about 16 mg/ml to FE,7mg/ml to the 75 mm embryo, and less than 2.5 mg/ml to the embryos over 140 mm.9.Uterine fluid profiles showed proteins of 40-60 kd specifically at the developmental stages from FE to the 105 mm embryo. Proteins of 14-40 kd and 60-79 kd were observed at every stage.10.Yolk matter was observed ih the intestinal lumen of the embryos over 105 mm.11.The spines of both species had no growth band on their surface.12.The spine length in D.calcea increased lineally with body size and their correlation coefficients were high significant. In D,hystricosa, the covariance between body size and spine length was high and their correlation coefficients were low.13.The spine consisted of five structural components ; mantle, protruding dentine portion, stem, pulp cavity, cartilaginous tissue.14.Growth rings were observed on the inner dentine layr of stem. The newly growth ring was formed inside the inner dentine layr.15.The number of growth rings increased lineally with body size. Small D.calcea had one ring.16.D.calcea and D.hystrlcosa had 1-15 and 6-15 rings, respectively.17.Mode was 6th ring in male D.calcea, 10th ring in female D.calcea, 9th ring in male D.hystricosa, and13th ring in female D.hystricosa.18.We could not verify that growth ring is formed annually. Less