Amplification of glucose transporter gene, sugar transferase gene, and metaslasis.

葡萄糖转运增加是大多数肿瘤的共同特征。为探讨葡萄糖摄取升高在肺癌中的作用，我们对1980年至1993年327例手术切除的肺癌患者的肿瘤标本进行了两种易化葡萄糖转运蛋白基因（GLUT 1和GLUT 3）的PCR扩增和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）和唾液酸刘易斯x（SL_eX）的免疫组化染色。为了评价参与SL_eX合成的GLUT、α-2，3-唾液酸转移酶（ST）和α-1，3-岩藻糖基转移酶（Fuc-T）基因之间的关系，还对这些基因进行了PCR扩增.迄今为止，已克隆了5个人ST基因和5个人Fuc-T基因，其中ST 3 N和Fuc-TVII最有可能与SL_eX的合成有关，因为只有ST 3 N和Fuc-TVII的扩增频率与SL_eX染色的级别相关. GLUT 1的扩增显著大于GLUT 3。GLUT 1、GLUT 3扩增与PCNA染色相关（P<0.01）。GLUT 1扩增与SL_eX染色分级相关（P<0.03）. GLUT 1与ST 3 N和Fuc-TVII基因共扩增（P<0.01）. GLUT 1扩增组患者的生存期明显短于GLUT 1未扩增组（P<0.01）。在多因素生存分析中，GLUT 1仍是一个有统计学意义的预后因素，我们的结果表明，GLUT 1扩增可能参与SL_eX合成以及增殖，并可能在肺癌的预后价值。

Increased glucose transport is a common characteristic of most tumors. To examine the role of elevated glucose uptake in lung cancer, we performed PCR amplification of 2 facilitative glucose transporter genes (GLUT1 and GLUT3) and immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and sialyl Lewis x (SL_eX) on tumor specimens from 327 patients with lung cancer who underwent surgical resection from 1980 to 1993. To evaluate the relationship between GLUT,alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase (ST), and alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferase (Fuc-T) genes which are involved in the synthesis of SL_eX,PCR amplification of these genes also was performed.1. To date, five human ST and five human Fuc-T genes have been cloned, of which ST3N and Fuc-TVII are most likely to be responsible for SL_eX synthesis from the results that only the frequencies of ST3N and Fuc-TVII amplification related well with the grade of SL_eX staining.2. Amplification of GLUT1 was significantly greater than that of GLUT3. GLUT1 and GLUT3 amplification correlated with PCNA staining (P<0.01). In addition, GLUT1 amplification correlated with the grading of SL_eX staining (P<0.03).3. GLUT1 was co-amplified with ST3N and Fuc-TVII genes (P<0.01).4. The survival of patients whose tumors showed GLUT1 amplification was significantly shorter than that of patients whose tumors did not (P<0.01). In a multivariate analysis of survival, GLUT1 remained a statistically significant prognostic factor.Our results suggests that GLUT1 amplification may participate in SL_eX synthesis as well as in proliferation, and may be of prognostic value in lung cancer.